QUERQUEDULA.—SPATULA. 217 
2. Querquedula cyanoptera. 
Anas cyanoptera, Vieill. N. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. v. p. 104°; Ferrari-Perez, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. 
p. 174°; Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H. v. p. 33°; A. O. U. Check-l. N. Amer. Birds, 
2nd ed. p. 51 *. 
Querquedula cyanoptera, Scl. P. Z. S. 1856, p. 311°; Dugés, La Nat. i. p. 143°; Lawr. Mem. 
Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 8147; Sumichr. La Nat. v. p. 234°; Baird, Brewer, & Ridgw. 
Water-Birds N. Amer. i. p. 584°; Salvad. Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xxvii. p. 803 °°. 
Capite, collo et corpore subtus toto castaneis ; subcaudalibus nigris; pileo nigricante; interscapulio summo et 
scapularibus superioribus castaneis, nigro maculatis; dorso medio nigro, castaneo circulariter fasciato ; 
dorso imo, uropygio et supracaudalibus nigricanti-brunneis, plumis singulis griseo marginatis ; 
scapularibus longioribus nigris, rhachidibus rufescenti-fulvis, duabus extimis pallide cinerascenti- 
cyaneis ; tectricibus alarum quoque cinerascenti-cyaneis; tectricibus primariorum remigibusque saturate 
brunneis, secundariis anguste albo terminatis ; speculo alari metallice viridi ; secundariis intimis externe 
nigris, rhachidibus pallidis; tectricibus majoribus cinerascenti-nigris, albo late terminatis, tasciam 
conspicuam formantibus ; subalaribus minoribus cyanescenti-griseis, majoribus et axillaribus albis ; 
rectricibus saturate brunneis, lateralibus extus pallide ruto mixtis: rostro nigro; pedibus flavis ; iride 
saturate brunnea. Long. tota circa 18-0, ale 7-9, caude 3:5, culm. 1-9, tarsi 1-25. (Descr. maris adulti 
ex Brownsville, Texas. Mus. nostr.) 
Q feminee Q. discordis similis, sed noteo dilutiore brunneo, marginibus arenariis magis distinctis ; gastro 
brunneo vel rufescenti-fulvo clarius tinctis. Long. tota circa 16-0, ale 7-3, caude 3:4, culm. 1-85, 
tarsi 1:25. (Descr. feminz adulte ex Presidio. Mus. nostr.) 
Juv. femine adulte similis, sed gastrei maculis angustioribus, magis striatiformibus. 
Hab. Western Norta America, from British Colombia southward ; east to the Rocky 
Mountains and Southern Texas; casual in the Mississippi Valley and Florida 4— 
Mexico, rivers and lagoons of both coasts (Swmichrast®), San Diego, Sonora 
(Robinette*®), Mazatlan (Grayson’), Presidio (Forrer 1°), Guanajuato, Guadalajara 
(Duges°), Laguna de Chapulco, Puebla (Ferrari-Perez?), Vera Cruz (Sallé*).— 
Paraguay ?°; Argentina !°; Cuine!°; Patagonia !°; FatKuanp Is 1, 
Q. cyanoptera differs from Q. discors in the uniform chestnut colour of the head, neck, 
and under surface of the body. It is almost exclusively a western species in North 
America, and though rather common at Mazatlan during the winter and spring months, 
is never seen in large numbers’. This Teal has been recorded from various localities 
in Mexico, but is not known to visit any other part of Central America, while in 
South America the species has a widely extended range, apparently breeding in many 
parts of that continent. 
The Cinnamon Teal associates with the Blue-winged Teal in flocks, and the habits 
of the two species are similar. The nest is placed in marshy ground, usually near 
ponds or still water; it is made of coarse grass and lined with down. The eges are 
from twelve to fourteen in number, and are of an ivory-white colour with a deep 
creamy tinge %. 
SPATULA. 
Spatula, Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 564; Salvad. Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xxvii. p. 306 (1895). 
The Shovelers are distinguished from all other Ducks by the peculiar shape of their 
BIOL, CENTR.-AMER., Aves, Vol. III., January 1902. 28 
