PHALAROPUS.— STEGANOPUS. 395 
lateribus castaneis. Long. tota circa 7°0, ale 4°5, caude 1:75, culm. 0°95, tarsi 0°76. (Descr. avis 
adultee ex Hudson’s Bay. Mus. Brit.) 
Hab. Norra America, breeding in Arctic latitudes !°.—Mexivo, Bahia de la Ventosa 
(Sumichrast™ 1) ; Guaveata (Constancia*® °), Lake of Dueias (0. 5. *° 8) ; Costa 
Rica, Desamparados (Underwood, in litt.).—N. EUROPE AND N. Asia, migrating in 
winter to the Indian and Malayan seas °. 
The Red-necked or Northern Phalarope breeds in the Arctic and Subarctic Regions 
of both hemispheres, and occurs in Central America in winter, Four specimens came 
under our notice in Guatemala, these having been obtained on the Lake of Duejias in 
August ; they had nearly completed the change from the summer to the winter plumage, 
but retained some traces of the former, and had evidently but just arrived +°1°. The 
species has also been met with in Tehuantepec in October by Sumichrast ‘ §. 
The account of the breeding of P. hyperboreus in its Arctic home, as given by 
Mr. Nelson, is very amusing, and it appears that all the courting is done by the larger 
and more brightly coloured hen, the male having to perform the duties of incubation. 
“In addition to the lobed toes, in which character it approaches the Grebes, the species 
resembles the latter birds in being an excellent swimmer, and is even more at home on 
the water than on the land. It is tame and sociable, and even during the breeding- 
season many individuals consort together, while before migration considerable flocks 
may often be seen ™. 
The nest is a slight structure of dry stalks in the centre of a tuft of grass. ‘The 
eggs are four in number, pale or rich buff, or pale olive, blotched and spotted with 
blackish-brown and pale brown, with underlying greyish markings ™. 
STEGANOPUS. 
Steganopus, Vieill. N. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. xxxil. p. 186 (1819); Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xxiv. 
p- 705 (1896). 
This genus differs from the preceding in having the tarsus much longer, equal to 
the culmen in length. 
Steganopus is represented by a single species, which, like the other Phalaropes, puts 
on a gay and exceedingly beautiful dress in summer, but assumes a plumage of grey 
and white for the winter. It is entirely American in its range, and does not extend 
so far north as the other members of the subfamily ; in winter, however, it reaches 
south to Patagonia. 
1. Steganopus tricolor. 
Steganopus tricolor, Vieill. N. Dict. @Hist. Nat. xxxii. p. 186'; Elliot, N. Amer. Shore-Birds, 
p. 81°; Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xxiv. p. 705°. 
Phalaropus tricolor, Stejn. Auk, ii. p. 183‘; Ferrari-Perez, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 178°; 
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