STERNA. 405 
4, Sterna cantiaca. 
Sandwich Tern, Lath. Gen. Syn. iii. 2, p. 356°. 
Sterna cantiaca, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 606°; Scl. & Salv. P.Z. S. 1871, p. 569°; Saunders, Cat. 
Birds Brit. Mus. xxv. p. 75°; Oates, Cat. Eggs Brit. Mus. i. p. 186°. 
Thalasseus cantiacus, Lawr. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 51°. 
Thalasseus cantianus, Sumichr. La Nat. v. p. 234". 
Sterna cantiana, Salv. Ibis, 1889, p. 379°. 
Thalasseus acuflavidus, Salv. Ibis, 1864, pp. 381°, 8386°°; 1865, p. 190"; 1866, p. 198”; Coues, 
Ibis, 1864, p. 389”. 
Sterna acuflavida, Lawr. Aun. Lye. N. Y. ix. p. 210 “ 
Sterna sandvicensis acuflavida, Baird, Brewer, & Ridgway, Water-Birds N. Amer. ii. p. 288 _ 
A. O. U. Check-l. N. Amer. Birds, 2nd ed. p. 24". 
Ptil. estiv. Supra pulchre margaritacea ; uropygio, supracaudalibus et rectricibus pure albis; alis dorso 
concoloribus, secundariis intus et apicem versus albis; primariis cinereis, juxta rhachidem albam 
nigricantibus vel schistaceo-nigris, intus ad apicem albo marginatis; pileo toto nuchaque nigerrimis, 
nuche cristate plumis acuminatis; collo postico et interscapulio summo vix albicantibus ; loris et facie 
laterali dimidiatis et corpore subtus toto pure albis, pectore vix roseo induto: rostro nigro, albo vel 
flavido terminato ; pedibus nigris; iride saturate brunnea. Long. tota circa 16-0, ale 11°7, caude 2-7, 
rectrice extima 5-2, culm. 2°1, tarsi 0-95. (Descr. maris adulti estiv. ex Lighthouse Reef. Mus. nostr.) 
Q. Ptil. hiem. ptilosi estive similis, sed subtus pure alba, minime roseo adumbrata, pileo albo, postice 
nigro striolato, regione oculari, pilei postici lateribus et nucha cristata nigris. Long. tota circa 15:0, 
alee 10°8. (Deser. femine adulte ex Chiapam. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Norvu America, South Atlantic and Gulf coasts, north casually to Southern New 
England 4 !°.—Mexico, Gulf of Tehuantepec, San Mateo (Sumichrast °"), Laguna 
Verde and La Antigua, Vera Cruz (Zrwjillo +), Celestin, N. Yucatan (Schott \*), 
Cozumel I. (Gauwmer**); Brivish Honpuras, Lighthouse Reef? 4, Saddle Cay %, 
Northern Two Cays® (0. 8.91); GuvaremaLa, both coasts 12, Chiapam 
(0. S.4 11 18),—Seas or TEMPERATE Europe to the Caspian, coasts of Africa in 
winter, Red Sea east to Persian Gulf and coasts of Sind 4. 
The Sandwich Tern is an inhabitant of Temperate Europe and Western Asia, and is 
found also in Florida and the Gulf States of North America. By some authorities 
the American bird is separated as a distinct race, S. acuflavida, but Mr. Howard 
Saunders ‘ considers the European and American birds to be inseparable. 
S. cantiaca is distinguishable from S. dougallt by its larger size as well as by its 
black feet and bill; the feathers of the nape are also prolonged and pointed. 
This Term breeds in Florida, and occurs on both coasts of Mexico and Guatemala in 
winter 1. Salvin met with the species on the islands off the coast of British Hon- 
duras 9 1°, but did not find it breeding. 
It is distinctly a sea-bird, rarely nesting at any considerable distance from water *. 
The eggs are two or three in number, laid in a depression in the sand, and are 
beautifully marked and varied. Mr. Oates states that the ground-colour ranges from 
