a 
VOL. 111. | Contributions to Western Botany. 307 
the same as var. Wilcoxiana, Wood of P. Parryz, but I do not know 
that that was ever characterized in print. 
GILIA PUNGENS Benth. is vespertine. I watched it on June 19, 
1891, and found that the flowers opened after dark and closed at 
7:30 o'clock A.M. I noticed the same thing in G. Watsoni Gray, 
and have no doubt that the same is true of G. Californica also. The 
flowers of G. inconspicua and G. leptomeria I have never seen fully 
opened except in sunny weather. 
TRICARDIA Watson! Gray I have found again in two places on 
Dutch Mountain, Western Utah. It is very rare. 
7VGADENUS PANICULATUS Watson is regarded as a good remedy 
for felon. The root is baked and applied to the sore. 
EpHeprA NEVADENSIS Watson is regarded as a cure for canker 
in the mouth and for diarrhoea. It will also produce the piles. The 
virtues seem to lie almost entirely in the pitch, which, when broken 
up, is a fine yellow powder and very powerful. 
JUNIPERUS CALIFORNICUS Carr. var. UTAHENSIS, Eng. I saw 
this growing on the top of the Champlin Mountains, Utah, at 7,700 
feet altitude, and all matted down and flat-topped, like Adzes fallax 
and other conifers above timber line on our highest mountains. 
PINUS MONOPHYLLA Torrey. This is very interesting in its young 
state. Until it is about 5 years old it is scarcely distinguishable from 
Abies. The primary leaves are an inch long, flat, and sharp. After 
that they grow shorter and little buds begin to appear in their axils; 
as these develop the leaves dry up and fall off, and there is a com- © 
plete transition from the fully developed primary leaf to the minute 
bracts that subtend the young secondary leaves. Generally there 
are one or two cylindrical leaves scattered along the young stems 
and with their normal sheaths, while all around them are the primary 
leaves. I find that the leaves of P. monophylla are much more ro- 
bust and vigorous than those of the variety edu/is Jones, and so it is 
far more likely that edz/7s was derived from this than that monophylla 
was derived from it, as it can in no sense be considered a ‘‘depaupe- 
rate form of edu/is;’’ in addition, the cones are generally more robust 
and better developed, though there is an endless series of all sizes 
and shapes dependent upon the weather in August when the cones 
are growing. I find that the formation of seeds in the Western con- 
ifers, of our region at least, is due to the weather in August. If it 
