106 DIPLOPODA. 
occurring in S. America. It must be remembered, however, that the characters of 
the genus given above were taken from the South-American species and not from the 
South-African, of which the male sexual characters, apart from the structure of the 
first legs, are unknown. ‘The family Pseudonannolenide contains the single genus 
Pseudonannolene, of which several species have been described from various parts of 
South America. The genus almost certainly awaits discovery in Central America. 
The type of Nannolene, N. burkei, Boll., came from Ukiah, in California (Ann. N.Y. 
Acad. Sci. iv. p. 40, 1887). It is, in my opinion, very doubtful if the species referred 
by Brélemann to Epinannolene are generically distinct from it; but since the males 
of WV. burkei described by Bollman were immature, the structure of the copulatory 
apparatus is unknown. The distinguishing characters between the two set forth in 
the above-given table are perhaps hardly of generic value, especially the presence or 
absence of the pores upon the fifth segment, a character which in the Neotropical 
species of Spirostreptide is only of specific importance. Epinannolene, therefore, can 
only be provisionally retained until Mannolene has been better described. There is 
very little doubt that the South-American species referred by Silvestri to Mannolene 
are congeneric with those that Brélemann assigned to Hpinannolene. 
EPINANNOLENE. 
? Nannolene, Bollman, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. iv. p. 89 (1887); id. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 46, 
p. 57 (1898). 
Epinannolene, Brélemann, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, Ixxii. p. 185 (1908). 
Form as in Orthoporus; the segments without crests. Mandibles with seven pectinate lamellae. The 
anterior plate of the promentum not divided into a right and left portion by a longitudinal membranous 
line. Pores beginning on the fifth segment (in the known species). 
Legs of the first pair in the adult male armed with a claw and composed of five segments. 
Copulatory apparatus said to be composed of the two pairs of legs of the seventh segment, the anterior 
and posterior leg on each side soldered together into a single piece proximally, but separated distally to 
form an anterior and a posterior branch. The posterior branch digitiform and tipped with a tuft of 
bristles ; the anterior branch stouter and terminating in two processes, an outer and an inner, the latter 
bearing the seminal duct. 
The structure of the copulatory apparatus in this genus and in its ally Pseudo- 
nannolene offers some puzzling morphological features. According to Brélemann the 
apparatus is composed of the two pairs of appendages of the seventh segment, as in the 
Iuloidea, Spiroboloidea, and Spirostreptoidea. In these the anterior appendage on 
each side is modified to form a sheath, the coleopod, for the posterior appendage, the 
phallopod, which bears the seminal duct. In Epinannolene, however, according to 
Brolemann, the part of the apparatus which represents the anterior appendage bears 
this duct. But in view of the general similarity between Hpinannolene and the 
Spirostreptoidea it seems hardly likely that such a fundamental difference should exist. 
I venture therefore to suggest, as an alternative to Brélemann’s interpretation, that 
