28 Rhodora [FEBRUARY 
“Var. Nuttallii. Like the last or type [S. simplex], but heads 
axillary; stigma linear-oblong, shorter than the style; fruit less con- 
tracted. (S. Americanum, Nutt.)]—From Pennsylvania and New 
England northward and northwestward.—Inflorescen ze rarely branch- 
ed; heads 8"-9" wide. 
Var. androcladum. Stouter (1127-3? high); inflorescence branched 
below; branches bearing numerous sterile (rarely also 1 or even 2 
fertile) heads; stigma linear, as long as the style; fruit larger, not con- 
tracted, long-tapering upwards and downwards. (S. ramosum, in 
part, of American authors.)—From New England southward and es- 
pecially westward.—Heads 10"-12" wide." 
In this connection Rothert's decision, ba’ ^^ "pon study of Engel- 
mann "e herbarium, is important. pa 
“As to your S. lucidum, my doubts as to its specific difference 
from S. americanum and its determinability in the flowering condi- 
tion too had already been resolved by the very good material seen 
formerly [before receiving a new series of specimens], especially from 
Missouri, where it seems to be comparatively common. At the same 
time I had come to the conclusion, that this plant should bear the 
name $. androcladum (Engelm.), Engelmann having meant by 
his S. simplez, var. androcladum doubtless the same as your S. lucidum, 
only Morong having afterwards confounded it with the branched 
specimens of S. americanum Nutt., which Engelmann had justly 
and clearly distinguished from it as S. simplex, var. Nuttallii. This 
view is confirmed also by Engelmann’s type specimens." 
The distribution of S. androcladum (S. lucidum) is unusual. Abun- 
dant in eastern Missouri and adjacent Illinois, it is apparently un- 
known or at least unrecorded in the region between the Mississippi 
Valley and eastern Pennsylvania. Thence it extends to Long Island 
and eastward to Nantucket, Cape Cod and Middlesex County, and 
up the Connecticut Valley to Franklin County, Massachusetts. It 
seems to be isolated in the Champlain Valley, Vermont (bank of 
Winooski River, Burlington, August 30, 1903, N. F. Flynn) and in 
the St. Lawrence Valley below Quebec (Beauport, July 30, 1905, 
J. Macoun no. 68,925). This distribution in New England and east- 
ern Canada at once suggests that the plant has followed inland the 
regions where marine clays left by the Champlain subsidence are 
found and that search will show it to be more abundant than we now 
realize. 
1 Rothert in lit. July 12, 1912. 
