90 Rhodora [May 
field in dry upland soil, Calapooga Valley, Douglas County, Oregon, 
1899, M. A. Barber, no. 84. Ascherson & Graebner note that this form 
has been thought by some to be of hybrid origin (B. hordaceus x 
secalinus), but they consider the ev idence insufficient. 
2. B. racemosus L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 114 (1762).—Rare in America, 
The only American specimen seen by the writer was from a railway 
embankment, Grand Pré, Nova Scotia, 1901, Howe & Lang, no. 375. 
Shear cites one from Cape Breton Island, one from Foxcroft, Maine, 
one from Bucks County, Pennsylvania, and one from Delaware. The 
writer has seen a duplicate of the Maine specimen. It is probably 
an undeveloped plant of B. secalinus. 
3. B. commutatus Schrad. Fl. Germ. 353 (1806).—Frequent 
through the greater portion of the United States, but especially abun- 
dant in the east. 
4. B. HORDACEUS L. Sp. Pl. 77 (1753). B. mollis L. Sp. Pl. ed. 
2, 112 (1762). nt along the Atlantic coast from Nova Scotia 
to North Carolina: ‘also in New York State, and common through 
the northwestern states. 
Forma leptostachys (Pers.) comb. nov. B. mollis & leptostachys 
Persoon, Synop. i. 95 (1805). B. mollis-lejostachys (M. & K.) Fries, 
Sum. Veg. 76 (1846), questionably published. B. mollis, var. B 
glabrescens Coss. & Germ. Fl. Env. Paris, 654 (1845). B. mollis b) 
liostachys Aschers. Fl. Brand, i. 865 (1864). B. hordaceus B leptos- 
tachys Beck, Fl. Nieder-Oest. 109 (1890).—Scattered through the 
range of the typical form. 
In the ciliatus group much confusion is due to the placing of too 
great emphasis on the character of the exsertion or inclusion of the 
nodes. Though the upper nodes are almost always exserted at ma- 
turity, in B. ciliatus and B. purgans they frequently are not so in 
younger or depauperate specimens, and in most cases it is the upper- 
most node only that is so exserted. "The following is a brief synopsis 
of B. ciliatus and its immediate allies: 
a. Anthers 1.0-2.5 mm. long; lemmas thin, papery; lateral 
nerves prominent to the base. b. 
b. Lemmas narrow, 2.5-3.2(3.4) mm. wide (10-13 mm. long), 
usually strongly ciliate between marginal nerves and 
margin, otherwise glabrous; glumes glabrous, nerves 
scabrous; upper nodes usually exserted at maturity; 
flanges at orifice of sheath not apparent; nodes almost 
always hairy; leaves with rare exceptions with scat- 
tered or dense pubescence at least above. c. 
c. Lemmas strongly ciliate. d. 
d. Sheaths villous; blades usually hairy............. 1. B. ciliatus. 
d. Sheaths glabrous or the lowermost slightly villous; 
Dude wodiv gabrous. 1. e erret forma denudatus. 
c. Lemmas nearly or quite glabrous................. forma laeviglumis. 
