1922] Fernald,—Polypodium virginianum and P. vulgare 141 
Closely simulating the more coriaceous extreme of var. serratum 
of southern Europe; differing from it chiefly in the shorter and less 
attenuate scales of the rhizome. 
Var. cAMBRICUM (L.) Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 173 (1810).—Frond ovate or 
ovate-oblong, 2-2.5 dm. long, 1-2 dm. broad; its pinnae or many of 
them up to 1 dm. long and 4 cm. broad, deeply and irregularly 
pinnatifid or lacerate.— P. cambricum L. Sp. Pl. ii. 1086 (1753). 
P. australe Fée, Gen. Fil. 236. t. 204, fig. 2 (1850-52). Var. hibernicum 
Moore, Handb. Brit. Ferns, ed. 2: 44 (1853).—Western Europe; 
Cm, d Inlet, British Columbia, acc. to Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. 
Can, ii. Sect. iv. 10 (1886). 
2. P. VIRGINIANUM L. Sp. Pl. ii. 1085 (1753) as to Virginian plant; 
Tidestrom, Elys. Marianum, ed. 2: 18 (1907). P. vulgare, var. 
virginianum (L.) Eaton, Man. ed. 2: 373 (1818). P. vulgare, 8. 
americanum Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 258 (1840); Torr. Fl. N. Y. ii. 
484 (1843); Kunze, Am. Journ. Sci. ser. 2, vi. 82 (1848). P. vulgare 
of eastern Am. authors, not L.—Shaded rocks, woodland banks and 
rarely tree-trunks, Newfoundland to Manitoba and northeastern 
Alberta, south to the mountains of northern Georgia and Alabama, 
Illinois and eastern Missouri. The following are characteristic 
illustrations: Eaton, Ferns N. A. i. t. 31, fig. i (1879). Clute, Our 
Ferns in their Haunts, 196 and t. 6 (1901); Waters, Ferns, 78 and 80 
(1903). | 
No true varieties of P. virginianum are known. The following 
minor forms are recognizable. 
Forma acuminatum (Gilbert), n. comb. P. vulgare acuminatum 
Gilbert, Fern Bull. x. 13 (1902). P. vulgare, var. angustum of Am. 
authors, not Muell. P. vulgare, var. attenuatum Am. authors, not 
Milde. 
Forma elongatum, (Jewell), n. comb. P. vulgare, forma elongata 
Jewell, Maine Woods, xxx. no. 31: 3 (1908). . 
Forma brachypteron (Hidlon), n. comb. P. vulgare, forma rotun- 
datum Ridlon, Am. Fern Journ. xi. 48, t. 1 (1921), not Milde. P. 
vulgare, forma brachypteron Ridlon, Am. Fern Journ. xi. 122 (1922). 
Forma subsimplex, n. f., laminis subsimplicibus lineari-lanceolatis 
7-9 em. longis 0.7-1 em. latis crenatis basi undulatis.—Nxkw HAMP- 
SHIRE: on top of a rock, Intervale, July, 1911, Anna I. Rodliff (TYPE 
in Gray Herb.). 
Forma deltoideum (Gilbert), n. comb. P. vulgare, formae deltoi- 
deum and hastatum Gilbert, Fern Bull. xiv. 37 (1906). P. vulgare, 
var. auritum Buchheister, Am. Bot. v. 56, fig. 3 (1903), not Willd. nor 
Gilbert. P. vulgare, forms, Clute, Fern Bull. xviii. 48, figs. 1, 2 and 
3 (1910). 
Forma bipinnatifidum, n. f., pinnis plus minusve pinnatifidis.—. 
