172 Rhodora [SEPTEMBER 
Road, August, 1 1912, Fernald, Long & St. John, nos. 7299, 7300. 
MaiNE: in disintegrated volcanic rock, Haystack Mountain, Aroos- 
took Co., July 11, 1902, Williams, Collins & Fernald; shore of Rowe 
Pond, Pleasant Ridge, Somerset Co., September 10, 1909, J. F. 
Collins; near summit of hill with coast-survey tower, Cutler, July 7, 
1902, Kennedy, Williams, Collins & Fernald; Sprague's Neck, Cutler, 
August 11, 1902, Kate Furbish. New Hampsuire: Endicott Farm, 
Shelburne, July 4, 1914, W. Deane; roadside, Randolph, August 28, 
1914, Pease, no. 16,298; near Glen House, Pinkham Notch, July 28, 
1921, T. W. Edmonson, no. 5321. 
When he first published Betula caerulea-grandis (May 7, 1904) 
Blanchard also put forward B. caerulea, introducing the two with the 
phrase: "'The writer has found and here names and describes two 
new species of white birch." This first number of Betula was re- 
ceived at the Gray Herbarium on May 10, 1904. Almost immediately 
(on May 13) Blanchard issued in the Vermont Phoenix à popular 
account of his discoveries and reprinted this account “ without change 
of type" as Betula, i. no. 2. In this second account he says “The 
blue birch, as I have said, presents two well-marked forms 
As these birches are without names I propose to call the smaller one 
Betula caerulea and the larger one Betula caerulea variety grandis." 
This paper was received at the Gray Herbarium May 24 but, that 
Blanchard himself did not believe the larger-fruited tree to be really 
a variety of B. caerulea, is indicated by his annotations on the two 
copies sent, and on additional copies sent at the same time of Betula, 
no. l. On the two copies of no. 2, in which B. caerulea, var. grandis 
was published as a variety, Blanchard had written in red ink; “ Wise 
editor helped spqjl”” and “Spoiled by wise editor," while on the 
copies of no. 1 sent at the same time he wrote against the phrase 
“two new species;" “I stand by this" and “ By this I stand now." 
Itis thus clear that, although on second thought Blanchard wavered, on 
third thought he regarded the two as species as he had originally done. 
The name B. caerulea, var. Blanchardi (1905), based upon the same 
material as B. caerulea-grandis (1904) and B. caerulea, var. grandis ` 
(1904), must be treated as a synonym. 
** BETULA CAERULEA Blanchard, Betula, i. no. 1 (May 7, 1904); 
Sargent, Man. Trees N. A. 201, fig. 168 (1905). Hazrrax Co.: dry 
rocky thickets, Dartmouth; wooded roadside, Armdale (Dutch 
Village). 
At the latter station B. caerulea was associated with the abundant 
B. caerulea-grandis and B. populifolia; at Dartmouth, only a few 
miles away, it was with at least B. populifolia; and at its Vermont 
