1923] Fernald,—The Native Tansy of Newfoundland 15 
14,860 from Woodstock, New Brunswick, admirably shows flat 
ligules 4 mm. long. These are, however, as described by Rydberg, 
more ascending than in 7. bipinnatum, and in this character the two 
are perhaps separable. The apiculate tips to the leaf-segments are 
identical, as are the achenes and pappus and, although the key- 
character above quoted gives T. huronense “heads several” and T. 
bipinnatum “heads 1-4,” the 55 flowering stems of the former now 
before the writer show 9 specimens with 1 head, 11 with 2, 20 with 3 
and 9 with 4 (total, 49 out of 55), while only 1 has 5 heads, 2 have 6, 
2 have 7 and 1 has 8. Upon its more elevated disk and less spreading, 
usually more deeply lobed, ligules 7. huronense is distinct from the 
scanty material at hand of 7. bipinnatum, but the differences are so 
slight that, when the intermediate country between Lake Superior 
and the Yukon is better known, it is highly probable that exactly 
transitional plants will be found. 
The genus Tanacetum is tentatively retained in its traditional sense, 
although Hoffmann! and his followers in Germany, Austria and 
Switzerland merge it with Chrysanthemum. The group is so largely 
Eurasian that in America we are scarcely in position properly to 
weigh generic values within it. Prior to Hoffmann’s treatment the 
traditional practice in continental Europe was to consider as true 
Chrysanthemum the species such as C. segetum L. and C. coronarium 
L., in which the pappus is obsolete and the achenes dimorphic, at 
least the outer ones with 2 or3 wing-angles. This was the treatment of 
Schultz Bipontinus? when he maintained Chrysanthemum in its most 
restricted sense and treated as Tanacetum the plants with uniform 
5-10-costate achenes and coroniform pappus. The Tanacetum of 
Schultz contained very diverse elements, all of which are included 
by Hoffmann in Chrysanthemum—such plants as T. Balsamita L., 
the Costmary of old gardens, which Rydberg in the North American 
Flora maintains as a monotypic genus, Balsamita Balsamita (L.) 
Rydb. separated from Tanacetum because it has “Heads discoid, 
homogamous, 1. e., ray-flowers wholly wanting," thus quite ignoring 
the fact that typical T. Balsamita is a plant correctly described by 
Boissier “ligulis albis disco aequilongis” (Fl. Orient. iii. 345). Schultz 
also included T. Parthenium (Chrysanthemum | Parthenium (L.) 
10. Hoffm. in Engler & Prantl, Pflanzenf. iv. Ab. 5: 277, 278 (1892). 
2Schz.-Bip. Ueber die Tanaceteen (1844). 
