1923] Fernald, Nomenclatorial 'Transfers in Mariscus 51 
taking up Crantz's Cladium jamaicense for the West Indian plant. 
cited without question in the synonymy C. germanicum Schrad., C. 
Mariscus R. Br. and Schoenus Mariscus L. It would indeed be 
surprising if a plant which abounds over continental Europe and 
northward as a dominant species to the British Isles and Scandinavia 
were specifically identical with a dominant plant of the West Indies, 
tropical South America and the Gulf States of North America; and, 
as would be expected, study of large series of the two brings out 
abundant specific differences. The European M. serratus is a much 
lower plant, with less diffuse inflorescence, and its glomerules consist 
of more numerous and longer spikelets. In the tall (up to 3-4 m.) 
M. jamaicensis the scarious bases of the involucres and involucels are 
ciliolate, in M. serratus entire; and in M. jamaicensis the ovoid to 
subglobose abruptly beaked pale brown to olivaceous achenes are 
opaque or only slightly lustrous and obviously rugulose or pebbled, 
in M. serratus lance-ovoid, gradually attenuate, castaneous, highly 
lustrous and smooth. 
The bibliography of the two is as follows: 
MARISCUS SERRATUS Gilib. Exercitia Phyt. ii. 512 (1792). Schoe- 
nus Mariscus L. Sp. Pl. i. 42 (1753). Cladium germanicum Schrad. 
Fl. Germ. i. 75, t. v. fig. 7 (1806). C. Mariscus. (L.) Pohl, Tent. Fl. 
Bohemiae, i. 32 (1810); R. Br. Prodr. 236 (1810). M. Cladium 
Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. i. 754 (1891) and Schinz & Thellung, Viertel- 
jahrs. Naturforsch. Gesells. Zurich, liii. 523 (1908), as to European 
plant, not Schoenus Cladium Sw. . 
M. JAMAICENSIS (Crantz) Britton in Small, Fl. Miami, 31 (1913) as 
M. jamaicense; E. Janchen in Schinz € Thellung, Vierteljahrs. 
Naturforsch. Gesells. Zurich, liii. 524 (1908) as synonym only. 
Cladium jamaicense Crantz, Inst. i. 362 (1766) published as C. 
iamaicense. Schoenus Cladium Sw. Prodr. 19 (1788), Fl. Ind. Occ. i. 
97 (1797). S. effusus Sw. Prodr. 19 (1788). S. Mariscus, Q effusus 
(Sw.) Pers. Syn. i. 58 (1805). C. occidentale Schrad. Fl. Germ. i. 
76 (1806). C. palustre Poir. ex Schultes, Mant. i. 229 (1822). C. 
effusum (Sw.) Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. iii. 374 (1836). M. Cladium 
(Sw.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. i. 754 (1891) at least as to name-bringing 
synonym. 
|. In organizing the species in the Gray Herbarium it has been neces- 
sary to make the following combinations. 
M. aromaticus (Merrill), n. comb. Cladium aromaticum Merrill, 
Philipp. Journ. Sci., Bot. ix. 59 (1914). 
M. boninsimae (Nakai), n. comb. Cladium boninsimae Nakai, 
Bot. Mag. Tokyo, xxv. 223 (1911). 
