190 Rhodora [NOVEMBER 
shown by Rendle to apply to T. Catesbaei Ell. and judging from 
Rendle’s notes on the Colden citation the latter applies very doubt- 
fully to T. cernuum, and more likely to T. erectum, as Colden is said 
to have described the flower as “rubropurpureus.” It does not 
seem possible to settle this uncertainty at present. Meanwhile the 
name may be employed with its conventional significance. 
The western form stands between the T. cernuum of the east and 
T. declinatum (Gray) Gleason, but seems to be distinct from the 
latter species though intergrading more or less with the former. 
These three plants may be distinguished as follows: 
a. Anthers 6-15 mm. long, twice as long as thefilamentsor more, 
yellowish white; petals 10-34 mm. broad, 20-50 mm. long; 
peduneles 3-12 em. long, straight, horizontal or slightly 
reflexed; leaves usually not at all petiolate. PNE TI T. declinatum. 
a. Anthers 2.5-6.5 mm. long, one-third longer than the filaments 
or less, pinkish; petals 5-17 mm. broad, 15-26 mm. long; 
peduncles 0.5-4 cm. long, recurved or reflexed; leaves 
usually slightly constricted into an obscurely petiolate base. 
b. Petals 5-9 mm. broad (averaging 7.6 mm.), oblong-lance- 
olate; mature anthers 2.5-4.5 mm. long (averaging 3.8 
mm.); peduncles in flower 5-25 (-35) mm. long (aver- 
o 3hb o— SURE UD OL Pees os der eee ee ces T. cernuum. 
b. Petals 10-17 mm. broad (averaging 13 mm.), oblong-oval 
or obovate; mature anthers 4-6.5 mm. long (averaging 
5.4 mm.); peduncle in flower 12-40 mm. long (averaging 
26 mm.), somewhat stouter..................... var. macranthum. 
T. pectinatum (A. Gray) Gleason, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club xxxiii. 
389 (1906). T. erectum var. declinatum A. Gray, Man. ed. 5, 523 
(1878). T. cermuum var. declinatum Farwell, Rep. Mich. Acad. 
Sci. xxi. 363. (1920).—Alluvial bottomlands: central New York to 
southern Minnesota, Tennessee and Missouri. The eastern limit 
given by Gleason is Ohio, but the species is frequent near LeRoy, 
southwest of Rochester, N. Y. and there is a specimen in the Gray 
Herbarium from Newark, Wayne Co., N. Y., collected by E. L. 
Hankenson in 1879. As correctly noted by Gleason this plant is 
related to T. cernuum and not to T. erectum. Like T. cernuum it 
has a pleasing odor when in flower (Gleason), is an inhabitant of 
lowland situations, and in proportion of leaf-length to height of 
plant is like that species. T. erectum inhabits wooded slopes, and 
flowers on the average nearly two weeks earlier than either T. cernuum 
or T. declinatum, has a dark purple ovary and generally longer stamens 
in relation to the length of styles. So far as there is evidence at hand 
T. cernuum is an inhabitant of mucky soil and T. declinatum of al- 
luvium. The petals of the three forms under discussion in this paper 
are usually pure white, but several specimens of T. declinatum in the 
Gray Herbarium are described on the labels as pink or dark red and 
Farwell notes specimens with deep purple (T. cernuum var. declinatum 
