1924] Fernald,—Representatives of Arnica alpina 103 
HI. THE EASTERN AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVES OF 
ARNICA ALPINA. 
(Plate 143.) 
In 1905 I published! a synopsis of the species of Arnica known in 
northeastern America and at that time predicted that “doubtless 
many other species will be found, especially on the mountains and 
cliffs of eastern Quebec.” Although the prediction has not yet been 
wholly fulfilled, two very distinct new species have been discovered, 
one on the Long Range of western Newfoundland, the other in the 
Shickshock Mountains. In determining the exact relationships of 
one of these plants, discovered in 1923 on Mt. Logan and the neigh- 
boring Mt. Mattaouisse in Matane County, Quebec, it has seemed 
appropriate to present a new treatment of the eastern species with 
few and small cauline leaves and with white and merely barbellate 
pappus (A. alpina and its allies) and to publish Miss Brackett’s 
drawings of these species. In order to show the contrast between 
these plants and the well known A. mollis Hook. of the Rocky Moun- 
tains and of the Gaspé Peninsula and of northern New England and 
northern New York, the latter species is also included in the key, 
although it seems unnecessary to discuss it in detail. 
a. Stem-leaves 1-4 pairs (sometimes scattered small bracts 
above), at least the upper entire or only sparingly toothed: 
pappus white or whitish; its bristles merely barbellate b. 
b. Achenes cop ously hirsute from base to summit c. 
c. Lower leaves entire or with only remote irregular teeth d. 
d. Base of involucre and summit of peduncle villous- 
lanate e. 
e. Leaves nearly glabrous or only minutely glandular- 
hispid: involucral bracts 15-20, narrowly lanceo- 
late, 2-3 mm. broad, only sparingly pubescent 
above the middle: ligules with blunt lobes only 
[SP EEITTEDMIOpeed r e Uc aa a aea opa Uc 1. A. alpina. 
€. Leaves loosely x te: involucral bracts 8-10, 
narrowly rhombic, 3-3.5 mm. broad, loosely 
villous to the tip: ligules with acutish lobes 3-5 
ITT OD eee | i Aen eS He ee cca LE . A. pulchella. 
d. Base of involucre and summit of peduncle viscid- 
villous but hardly lanate f. 
f. Leaves glabrous or merely minutely pilose on nerves 
and margn, entire; the cauline lanceolate to 
oblong: stem glabrous or essentially so at base: 
involucral bracts oblanceolate, 1 em. long, glandu- 
lar-villous at base, only sparingly pilose or glab- 
rate above: ligules with blunt lobes only 1-2 mm. 
long. diu sape als esce a SSD D DE 
f. Leaves glandular-puberulent and viscid-villous, 
irregularly dentate; the cauline linear or linear- 
bh 
>: 
. plantaginea, 
1 RHopona, vii. 146-150 (1905). 
