146 Rhodora [JULY 
being lighter in color, more branched with the branches longer and 
slenderer, KOH yellow or yellowish. Cl. clavulifera is probably more 
or less widely distributed and there is reason to suspect that it is 
represented in American herbaria under one or the other of these 
names and also under that of Cl. symphycarpa Fr. Wainio has shown, 
however, (Acta Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Dennica 10: 55. 1894, often 
cited as Mon. Clad. 2: 55. 1894) that this Friesian species is a com- 
pound conception with Cl. cariosa (Ach.) Spreng., var. corticata 
Wainio as one of the components and Cl. alpicola (Flot.) Wainio, var. 
Karelica Wainio as another. 
m. subvestita Robbins, m. nov. Similar to typical form of the 
species but with the podetia squamulose throughout. Common in 
the Buzzards Bay region, often occurring with the species. 
2. CLADONIA CARASSENSIS Wainio, Acta Soc. pro Fauna et Flora 
Fennica 4: 313. 1887, often cited as Mon. Clad. 1: 313. 1887. This 
species is recorded from but one locality *In montibus Carassae in 
provincia Minarum, Brasiliae." In the Brazilian plants the podetia 
are “albida aut rarius cinereo-fuscescenti-variegata." One form and 
two modifications are recognized. They are 
f. IRREGULARIS Wainio, l. c. Podetia 20-80 mm. long, esquamulose; 
cups oblique. 
m. REGULARIS Wainio, Acta Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 14: 
237. 1897, often cited as Mon. Clad. 3: 237. 1897. f. regularis 
Wainio, Ibid. 4: 315. 1887, often cited as Mon. Clad. 1:315. 1887. 
podetia 20-30 mm. long, esquamulose; cups regular. 
m. DIGRESSA Wainio, ibid. 14: 237. 1897, often cited as Mon. 
Clad. 3: 237. 1897. f. digressa Wainio, ibid. 4: 315-316. 1887, 
often cited as Mon. Clad. 1: 315-316. 1887. Podetia 20-30 mm. 
long, squamulose principally at the margins of the cups; cups regular 
to obsolete. 
f. subregularis Wainio, f. nov. Podetia olivacea- et glauco-variegata 
differens. 
This form has the primary squamules persistent or disappearing, 
small to medium size, crenate to subdigitately lobate, esorediate, 
KOH yellow; podetia 20-40 mm. long, 1-4 mm. in diameter, subcyl- 
indrical or irregularly turgescent, scyphiferous, simple or repeatedly 
proliferate from the margins of the cups; cups moderately dilated, 
3-7 mm. in diameter, perforate, regular; cortex continuous or areolate, 
usually smooth, esorediate, and without granules, esquamulose or 
sparingly squamulose toward the base, glaucescent and olivaceous 
variegated, KOH yellow; apothecia small to medium size, solitary or 
clustered, light brown becoming darker. 
In clusters and colonies, often intermixed with related forms or other 
species; on sandy loam in dry, upland woods, on peaty soil on bog 
margins, occasionally on decaying and decayed wood. This form 
