136 EHOPALOCEEA. 



and Central valleys, Pacific coast (F. B. G. & 0. S.), Chiacam, Duefias (Champion) ; 

 Nicaragua, Chontales (Belt); Costa 'Rica (Van Patten 8 ), Rio Sucio, San Francisco, Cache 

 (Bogers) ; Panama 3 7 , Veraguas, Bugaba, Calobre (Arce). — South America generally ; 

 Antilles. 



P. margarita is spread over nearly the whole of Tropical America from north-western 

 Mexico to the Argentine Eepublic, its range including several of the West Indian 

 islands. The males vary as regards the extent to which the apex of the primaries is 

 dark, some specimens having only the margin itself darkened, in others the whole tip 

 is blackish ; the females differ in the width of this dark outer border, which in some 

 specimens, on the outer border of the secondaries, is evanescent. These variations are 

 not strictly localized, but, as a rule, Central- American examples have the apex of the 

 primaries white, those from Brazil and the Amazons valley having dark tips ; but both 

 forms occur in Central America and also in San Domingo ; and intermediate specimens 

 are not wanting throughout the whole of its range, so that we see no tangible grounds 

 for recognizing more than one species. Mr. Butler, in 1872, took quite the opposite 

 view, and gave to every one of the names proposed for this species both males and 

 females, five in all, a distinct specific position, and, moreover, added one of his own, but 

 he entirely omits to state the grounds upon which this separation was made. Mr. Bates 

 found P. margarita common everywhere on the Amazons, and he speaks of its rapid and 

 strong flight and extensive migrations, and he adds that the males assemble in great 

 numbers with those of Callidryas on the moist margins of the rivers ; we found them 

 equally abundant in similar places with the same associates throughout Guatemala, 

 where it is one of the commonest of the PieridEe. 



11. Pieris elodia. 



Pieris elodia, Boisd. Sp. Gen. i. p. 529 l ; Luc. in R. de la Sagra's Hist. Fis. y Pol. Cuba, vii. p. 210, 



1. 15. ff. 3, 3 a \ 

 Leptophobia elodia, Butl. & Bruce, P.Z. S. 1874, p. 360 3 . 

 Pieris balidia, Boisd. Sp. Gen. i. p. 529 4 . 



Alis cretaceo-albis ; anticis limbo costali fusco, apice et margine externo introrsum profunde bisimiato coloris 

 ejusderu : subtus anticis ad apicem et posticis omnino margaritaceo-albis ochraceo suffusis, his macula 

 parva nigra ad cellulae finem et duabus ad basin ochraeeis. 



2 mari similis, sed anticis minus acutis, posticis quoque magis rotnndatis. 



Hal. Mexico, Morelia (F. B. G.), Omilteme (H. H. Smith), Pinal near Puebla (M. J. 

 Mwes), Tampico (Bichardson), Jalapa (F. B. G.), Orizaba (H. J. Elwes), Atoyac (ff. ff. 

 Smith), Cordova (Bumeli), Oaxaca (Fenochio) ; Guatemala, Purula, Teleman, Dueiias 

 (Champion), San Geronimo, Polochic and Motagua valleys, Duenas (F. B. G. & 0. S.) ; 

 Nicaeagua, Chontales (Belt) ; Costa Rica ( Van Patten 3 ), San Francisco (Bogers) ; 

 Panama, Chiriqui, Veraguas (Arce). — South America, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, 

 and South Brazil. 



