188 EHOPALOCEEA. 



from Dismorphia ; but in the form of the wings and in their coloration it departs widely, 

 resembling the more ordinary forms of Pierinse. 



P. nehemia has a very wide range in Tropical America, but appears to be nowhere 

 common ; perhaps its resemblance to common white butterflies may cause it to be 

 overlooked by collectors. 



l. Pseudopieris nehemia. 



Pieris nehemia, Boisd. Sp. Gen. p. 528 1 . 

 Dismorphia nehemia, Staud. Ex. Tagf . p. 26, t. 15 2 . 



cf alis cretaceo-albis viridescente vix tinctis, anticis apice et margine externo anguste fusco limbatis, hoc 

 introrsum irregulariter sinuato : subtus anticis costa et apice cum posticis pallide ocbraceis, anticis regione 

 posteriore sericeo-albidis in medio farinosis. 



Bab. Guatemala 2 , Zapote {Champion); Nicaragua. — South America, from Vene- 

 zuela 2 to South Brazil 12 . 



We have described a specimen from Nicaragua, formerly in Mr. Bates's collection, 

 which agrees fairly with southern examples of this species. The black outer margin 

 of the primaries is well defined, more so than in examples from Brazil, which we 

 suppose to be typical. We have two specimens from Guatemala in which the dark 

 outer margin is wholly absent, but there seems scarcely grounds for separating it 

 specifically from the more southern forms, where the width of this border appears to 

 be a variable character. In the shape of its wings this species approaches much more 

 closely to Pieris than other members of this section ; the sexes, too, are alike. As 

 regards the shape of their secondaries, moreover, the differences of neuration render 

 P. nehemia and its allies very distinct from typical Dismorphia. 



Subfam. PAPILIONMM 



In this subfamily the tibiae of the anterior legs are furnished with a foliate appendage 

 which is attached to the underside at various distances from the proximal end of the 

 joint. The lower discocellular of the primaries is directed outwards, and is in nearly a 

 continuous line with the median and its sections ; the claws are simple, without 

 appendages. These characters serve to distinguish the Papilioninae from the Pierinae, 

 the other main division of the family Papilionidae. 



One of the first questions that arises concerning this subfamily is its treatment as 

 regards genera — whether most of the numerous species should stand under one compre- 

 hensive genus Papilio, or whether, as advocated by some writers, a large number of 

 genera should be recognized. This nominal subdivision has been commenced, but 

 chiefly as regards Old- World species and those of North America. The very numerous 

 forms of South America with which we are here mainly concerned have had little 

 attention paid them as yet on this point. 



As the species of Papilioninae are distributed over the tropical and subtropical 



