190 KHOPALOCEKA. 



In most cases the bursa copulatrix is without the peculiar patches to which we 

 have frequently had occasion to call attention, especially in the Pierinse, but in others 

 there appear to be longitudinal lines of structure with a somewhat granular surface; 

 these lines are sometimes nearly straight, sometimes waved ; this is especially the case 

 in females of P. polydamus and P. philenor. 



A. P. zestos group. 

 Papilio, Sect, v., Feld. Sp. Lep. pp. 4, 47. 



In this group the secondaries are folded along the inner margin, the inner side of the 

 fold being more or less covered with densely packed white cotton-like hairs; these in 

 P. zestos and its immediate allies extend from about the middle of the fold to the anal 

 angle, the base being covered with black hairs more loosely placed. In P. iphidamas 

 the white cotton-like hairs extend throughout the fold to the base of the wing 

 (Tab. LXV. fig. 5 shows a transverse section of the fold). The foliate appendage 

 to the front tibia is situated about the middle of the joint. The harpes of P. zestos 

 and P. childrence are very similarly formed (see Tab. LXV. fig. 3), and those of 

 P. iphidamas (fig. 5 a) and P. polyzelus (fig. 6) do not differ essentially, all have a 

 projection near the middle of the lower portion of the harpe. The harpes of 

 P. photinus differ considerably, as will be seen from the figure (Tab. LXV. fig. 7 a) ; 

 but the general structure is similar, and the characteristic projection on the lower edge 

 is present in an exaggerated form. 



The marginal lunules of the secondaries in all the above species are white. 



The subsection containing P. zestos and its immediate allies is found in the forests of 

 Tropical America, from British Honduras and Guatemala southwards. The subsection 

 of which P. iphidamas is typical is also found over a similar area, but extends rather 

 further northwards into Southern Mexico, and is well represented in South Brazil. 

 P., photinus, on the other hand, is peculiar to our region, and has a higher range in 

 altitude. 



a. Cotton-like hairs inside the fold of the secondaries black at the base, white from 

 the middle to the anal angle ; secondaries without opalescent tint. 



l. Papilio zestos. 



Papilio zestos, Gray, Cat. Lep. Ins. B. M. p. 47, t. 10. f. 5 x ; Bates, Trans. Ent. Soc. ser. 2, v. 



p. 340 (note) 2 . 

 Papilio sesostris, Beak. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. ii. p. 139 3 . 



J alis nigris, ciliis inter venas albis ; anticis plaga magna smaragdina a cellula usque ad marginem internum 

 extensa, venis nigris tripartita, extrorsum profunde sinuata; posticis plaga ovali ad angulum analem 

 eoccinea : subtus fuscescentioribus ; anticis immaculatis, ad basin saturatioribus ; posticis maculis sex 

 discalibtis rosaceis, tribus majoribus inter venam medianam et ramos suos, duabus angulum apicalem 

 propioribus, sexta subanali: corpore fuliginoso-nigro, subtus coecineo maculato, capite post oculos et 

 prothorace utrinque coecineo notatis. 



