456 EHOPALOCEKA. 



new species of North -American Thanaos (=Nisoniades) were described, the characters 

 being derived solely from the structure of the male anal appendages. These were 

 arranged into eight groups, which included all the North-American species known to 

 the authors. Several of these species were subsequently described by J. A. Lintner 

 in the Thirtieth Annual Report of the State Museum of New York, pp. 172-178 

 (Article IX. " On some Species of Nisoniades "), and in Mr. Scudder's ' Butterflies of 

 the Eastern United States and Canada' (1889). 



Thanks to our American friends, and especially to Mr. Scudder, we have seen a fair 

 series of named specimens of most of the North-American species, and by dissecting a 

 number of males we have been able to compare our preparations with the figures of 

 Scudder and Burgess's paper, and so far verify the names. Others have reached us 

 from the late H. K. Morrison's collections, and the names on these we have tested as 

 far as possible. 



Thanaos is a well-marked genus belonging to the section with curved blunt antennae, 

 and a very distinct fold on the costa of the primaries of the male. The type of the 

 genus is the European T. tages (Linn.), but by far the majority of the species are 

 found in North America. A few occur in South America, where some of them 

 are widely distributed. The asymmetry of the secondary male genitalia is very 

 pronounced in most of the species, but this character is not shown in others. The 

 latter it may be found necessary to separate. As pointed out by Messrs. Scudder 

 and Burgess, it seems impossible to separate many of the species of this genus without 

 examining the genitalia of the males, as there is no apparent external difference 

 either in their markings or in the shape of their wings ; but as these characters are 

 constant over certain areas we have somewhat reluctantly been compelled to follow 

 these authors by recognizing them as of specific value. The genus Staphylus affords a 

 parallel case. 



Alis p ostitis ciliis albis. 

 l. Thanaos funeralis. (Tab. XGT. figg. 10, 11, 12 s ; 13, 14 $ .) 



Nisoniades funeralis, Scudder & Burgess, Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H. xiii. p. 293, fig. 7 1 ; Lintner, 



Thirtieth Rep. State Mus. N. Y. p. 173 2 ; Papilio, iv. p. 144 3 . 

 Nisoniades australis, Mab. Compt. Rend. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxvii. p. liv \ 



Alis nigro-fuscis ; anticis indistincte fusco marmoratis, punctis minutis quatuor obliquis a costa prope apicem 

 extendentibus, duobus (nonnunquam uno) ultra cellulam hyalinis ; posticis ciliis albidis : subtus alis 

 pallidioribus. 



$ . Mari similis, sed alis anticis fuscescentioribus, punctis hyalinis magis conspicuis. 



Hob. North America, California 2 3 , Arizona, Texas 1 2 3 .— Mexico, Ciuclad in Durango 

 (Forrer), Lake Chapala (Richardson), Jalisco (Schumann), Tierra Colorada, Acapulco, 

 Chilpancingo (H. H. Smith), Atoyac (Schumann, H. H. Smith), Cordova (Ritmeli); 

 Guatemala, Volcan de Santa Maria (Richardson), Polochic Valley (F. B. G. & 0. S.), 

 San Geronimo (Champion). — Colombia 4 . 



