SPHONGOPHORUS. 27 
at rest, many of the insects must resemble pieces of dry twigs. St&l divides the 
genus into three subgenera, which may be distinguished as follows * :— 
Pronotum with a very long, slender, recurved anterior process, and a 
long, more or less curved, posterior process, the whole pronotum | 
often forming about three fourths of a circle. . . . -Subgen. Sphongophorus, i. sp. 
Pronotum with the anterior process stout, very long, and recurved ; 
posterior process furnished with an erect knob, beyond which 
the anterior process, which is usually simple underneath, con- 
siderably projects. . . . . . «0... . . « Subgen. Cladonota, Stal. 
Pronotum with the anterior process stout, shorter than in Cladonota, 
sometimes erect; posterior process armed at about or behind 
middle with an erect horn or knob, beyond which the anterior 
process, which is always furnished with a knob or large tooth, 
does not project . . . . . . . . . . . . . «Subgen. Lobocladisca, Stal. 
To these three a fourth is here added :— 
Subgeneri Lobocladisce valde affinis, sed processu antico pronoti _ 
postice simplici, semper curvato et ad clavam processus inter-— 
medii extenso, hac interdum maxime inflata. . . . Subgen. Lecythifera, subg. nov. 
The subgenus Lecythifera chiefly differs from Lobocladisca in having the posterior 
side of the anterior process simple, in which point it resembles Cladonota, from which 
it differs in the fact that the anterior process does not extend beyond the interme- 
diate process. In the slender form of one or two of its species it is allied to S. ballista ; 
one of them, L. inflata, has the club of the intermediate process enormously inflated, 
but it is in other points so closely allied to the other species that it can hardly be 
separated off as a distinct genus on this one point alone. 
The Old-World genus Hypsauchenia, although it resembles Sphongophorus in some 
respects externally, is really very distinct, for the legs are not foliaceous and the 
tegmina are very differently veined. | 
1. Sphongophorus ballista. (Tab. II. figg. 18, 18a, 185; 19, 19a, 190: 
20,200,206.) | 
Hypsauchenia ballista, Germ. Rev. Ent. Silb. iii. p. 231°. 
Hypsauchenia ballista, Am. et Serv. Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hémipt. p. 535”. 
Sphongophorus baliista, Fairm. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 2, iv. p. 261°. 
Sphongophorus claviger, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1864, p. 68+. 
Sphongophorus apicals, Stal, Ofv. Vet. -Ak, Forh. xxvi. p. 273 ( (1869) °. 
* T have made very little use of subgenera in the Membracideg : in the case of Sphongophorus, however, I 
have preferred to retain the division into subgenera, at all events for the present, as, in the first place, they 
lead too closely one into the other to be separated generically, and, in the second place, almost every other 
species might be described a as @ new genus, 
