70 COMPOSITA. 
Tribe I. VERNONIACEZ. 
Vernoniacee, Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. pp. 165 et 169. 
This tribe consists of forty genera, and is remarkable alike for the number of mono- 
typic genera and for the large number of species belonging to the genus Vernonia 
itself. It is essentially a tropical and subtropical tribe, having its greatest concentra- 
tion of species in South America. Few of the species are peculiar to Australia; and 
the tribe is unrepresented in Europe. 
1. SPARGANOPHORUWS. 
Sparganophorus, Vaill. in Gertn. Fruct. 11. p. 395, t. 165; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 223. 
One annual species :— 
1. Sparganophorus vaillantii, Gertn. Fruct. ii. p. 395, t. 165. 
Sparganophorus struchium, Pers. ; Jacq. Eclog. t. 181. 
~~ Panama, Chagres (Hendler, 142).—Widely dispersed in Tropical SoutH America and 
the West Inpius, as well as in Tropical Arrica. Hb. Kew. 
2. CENTRATHERUM. 
Centratherum, Cass. in Bull. Philom. 1817; DC. Prodr. v. p. 70; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii. 
p. 225. 
About six herbaceous species, two of which occur in Tropical America, and one of 
these is also in Australia. The others are Asiatic. 
1. Centratherum punctatum, Cass. Dict. vii. p. 384; DC. Prodr. v. p. 70. 
-— Panama, savannas about Panama (Seemann).— VENEZUELA; GUIANA; Bazi. 
Hb. Kew. 
3. VERNONIA. 
Vernonia, Schreb. Gen. Plant. ii. p. 541; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. i. p. 227. 
A genus of nearly 400 species of herbs and half-shrubs, most numerous in the warmer 
parts of America, abundant in Tropical Africa, and not rare in Tropical and Subtropical 
Asia; and one of the Asiatic speeies extends to Australia. 
1. Vernonia acilepis, Benth. in Vidensk. Meddel. 1852, p. 68. 
Nicaragua, Volcan de Masaya, 2000 feet (Girsted, 2). Hb. Kew. 
2. Vernonia alamani, DC. Prodr. v. p. 61. 
Sourn Mexico, San Miguel (Liebmann, 477), oak-woods, Banco (Hartweg, 332), 
* without localities (Bates, Parkinson) Hb. Kew. 
