CICHLOSOMA. 23 
22. Cichlosoma octofasciatum, Regan, 1903. 
Cichlosoma octofasciatum, Regan, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xvi. 1905, p. 831. 
Hab. Sovrnern Mexico, Rio de Sarabia (Buller); British Honpuras (Robertson). 
The systematic position of this species is rather doubtful, as the dentition of some 
specimens is very like that of the more generalized members of the subgenus 
Parapetenia. Other characters seem to indicate relationship with C. nigrofasciatwm. 
23. Cichlosoma spilurum, Giinth., 1862. 
Cichlosoma spilurum, Regan, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xvi. 1905, p. 75. 
Hab. Guatemata, Rio Motagua and Lake Yzabal (Salvin). 
24, Cichlosoma immaculatum, Pellegr., 1904. 
Cichlosoma immaculatum, Regan, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xvi. 1905, p. 77. 
Hab. Guatemaua, Rio Polochic. 
25. Cichlosoma spinosissimum, Vaill. & Pellegr., 1902. 
Cichlosoma spinosissimum, Regan, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xvi. 1905, p. 76. 
Hab. Guatemata, Rio Polochic. 
26. Cichlosoma centrarchus, Gill & Bransf., 1877. (Tab. IV. figg. 1, 1.) 
Cichlosoma centrarchus, Regan, Ann, Mag. N. H. (7) xvi. 1905, p. 77. 
Hab. Lake NicaraGcua. 
Section 3. AstaTHEROS, Pellegr., 1904. 
Teeth of the outer series usually rather more numerous and less strongly enlarged anteriorly than in Theraps, 
but in the more specialized forms reduced in number and with the anterior pair in the upper jaw and 
the two anterior pairs in the lower strongly enlarged. The maxillary never extends beyond the vertical 
from the anterior edge of the eye; the premasillary spines measure from a little less than 3 to slightly 
more than 2 the length of head; the upper profile of the snout is straight and oblique. ‘The body is 
rather deep (depth 14 to 2} in the length). The dorsal fin has XIV-XVII 10-15 rays and is more or 
less scaly at the base posteriorly ; the anal has V-VIII 8-10 rays; the pectoral is usually elongate (in 
CO. heterodontum and C. altifrons it extends to above the origin of the anal, in the other species it 
is longer); the caudal is subtruncate, rounded, or slightly emarginate with rounded lobes. The gill- 
rakers are usually more numerous than in most other species of the genus (usually 11 to 13 on the lower 
part of the anterior arch, but only 9 or 10 in C. citrinellum, 9 in C. lobochilus, 8 in C. erythreum). 
Eleven species from Southern Mexico and Central America, one ranging into 
Colombia. 
Synopsis of the Species. 
I. Lips normal; anterior teeth not strongly enlarged. 
A. Fourth to sixth dorsal spines longer than the rest. 
D. XVI 10-11. A. VI 8-9. 11 or 12 gill-rakers on the lower part of anterior arch. 
Pectoral extending to above the middle of anal . . . . . . . « « « 27. robertsont. 
Pectoral extending to the posterior endofanal . . . . 1 1. « + 28. longimanus. 
