CHEZ NOMUGIL.—POLYNEMID. 73 
5. CHAANOMUGIL, Gill, 1863. 
Chenomugil, Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 816. 
Mouth rather small, subterminal or inferior ; rami of lower jaw forming an angle; teeth small, movable, in 
several oblique series ; palate toothless. 
This genus comprises two species, one American, the other from the Sandwich 
Islands. 
1. Chenomugil proboscideus, Giinth., 1861. 
Chenomugil proboscideus, Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvi. 1896, p. 816. 
Lips very thick ; mandibular angle very acute; no adipose eyelid. Dorsal IV,I8. Anal III 10. 38 to 41 
scales in a longitudinal series. 
Hab. Pacific Coast from Mazatlan to Panama. 
“Common in rock pools” (Jordan & Evermann); not recorded from fresh waters. 
Fam. 3. SPHYRANIDAG*, 
The single genus Sphyrena comprises about twenty species, pike-like carnivorous 
marine fishes, with large mouth and strong dentition, often growing to a considerable 
size. 
There appear to be no records of any of the American species occurring in the 
fresh waters of Mexico and Central America, but one of them, S. guachancho, Cuv. & 
Val., has been recorded from the Congo f. 
Fam. 4, POLYNEMIDA }. 
This family comprises three genera with about thirty species, tropical shore fishes 
which often enter rivers. They are easily recognizable on account of the peculiar 
structure of the pectoral fin, which has a detached lower portion composed of free 
filamentous rays. Pentanemus quinquarius, Linn., from the Tropical Atlantic, with 
the preoperculum entire and the anal fin much longer than the second dorsal, is known 
to ascend West African rivers and has been recorded from Cuba; it is perhaps to be 
met with in the rivers of the Atlantic slope of Tropical America. 
The fishes of the genus Polynemus, Linn., have the preoperculum serrate and the 
anal fin about as long as the second dorsal. Two species are found on the Pacific 
Coast, ranging from California to Ecuador, viz., P. approximans, Lay & Bennett, with 
5 or 6 pectoral filaments, and P. opercuiaris, Gill, with 8 or 9 pectoral filaments. 
* Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 822. 
+ Bouleng. Les Poissons du Bassin du Congo, p. 364 (1901). 
+ Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 828. 
+ 
BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Pisces, May 1907. L 
