61 
are known; the yellow, the red, the Peruvian, the thin, and the 
furred (lampina). The two first have always obtained a pre- 
ference in His Majesty’s pharmacy, and have been reserved for the 
packets destined for foreign powers. The Peruvian is the next 
in estimation ; but we must not confound this species of Loxa 
with the Peruvian bark of commerce, which is rarely found un- 
adulterated, and which almost invariably contains Barks of in- 
ferior quality. Lastly, the thin and the furred are also in great 
request, and almost as much esteemed as the Peruvian. M. Ruiz 
has given a description of the three latter in his Quinologia,* and 
has defined its botanic characters. 
To these five species may be added the lizard-shaped Cas- 
carilla, less-valued indeed, and unknown to botanists, but re- 
garded by them and in commerce as one ot the fine Quinquinas 
a % 
The botanists of the expedition to Perut believe th: 
species of Loxa have been longest known and used in medicine ; 
os eee oo, 3 
oa i od a eri ate. 
i ee eee 
* A description of three of these species is to be found in the Quinologia of M. Ruiz. 
‘This work appeared in 1792; it treats of the discovery of Quinguina ; of its qualities, of 
the trade in it, and of its value in the different provinces of Peru, which in his time amounted 
to more than 250,000 livres yearly; of the places which produce the finer sorts; of the gather- 
ing, desiccation, and transport of the barks ; of the method practised in Peru for preparing the 
extract of fresh barks, ke. He then gives the generic characters of the Quiénquina, with a de- 
scription of seven species, the characteristic qualities of the red Quinguina, of the Calisaya, of 
the Quinguina with olive leaves, Inthe Supplement, which appeared in 1801, under the names 
‘of Messrs. Ruiz and Pavon, those learned botanists gave a description of four new s ie 
discovered by Tafalla; the qualities of the bark known by the naine of Huanuco, and of the 
C. laccifera; the description of the C. angustifolia, which appears to be of the same species 
with the lancifolia of Matis; an answer to a Memoir of M. Zea, ou the Quinguinas of Mutis 
or of Santa Fe; and lastly, a Letter to M. Jussieu in answer to some observations of thet learned 
botanist on the genera, announced in the Prodromus of the Flora Peruviana, — 
+ The “expedition to Peru took place in 1777; it lasted eleven years. Messrs. Ruiz and 
Pavon were appointed to this expedition as botanists, They were powerfully seconded in their 
researches by M. Dombey, a French physician and naturalist of rare merit, When the mem- 
R 
