. 
Vol. VI, No, 6.] BULLETIN oF THE ToRREY BorantcaL Cuus. [New York, June, 1875, 
§ 31. Grape Vines.—The American Naturalist, Vol. VI. pp. 532, 
seqq. republished Mr. Riley’s Report (1872) to the State of Missouri 
on the Phylloxera, the insect that has proved so injurious to the 
vine. This paper contained Dr. Engelmann’s Synopsis of the True 
Grape Vines of the Old United States together with a list of the 
nine species to be found in our territory. The Bulletin, Vol. V. 
No. 1, contained Regel’s revision of the species, with a mention of 
his opinion that Vitis vinifera is a hybrid between V. Labrusca 
and V. vulpina. The Grape Manual of the Bushberg Catalogue, 
of which we have received, pp. 1-16, with a few emendations by 
Dr, Engelmann, contains the fullest account that we have seen of 
that eminent botanist’s views on this subject. We add a very brief 
summary of the paper, recommending all interested, whether bota- 
nists or cultivators, to procure a copy of the ‘‘ Manual.” 
It is not true that the European vines do not produce sterile 
plants in the same manner as the American. In Vitis Labrusea, 
as first indicated by Braun, the tendrils (or their equivalent, 
an inflorescence) are found opposite each leaf, 7. ¢€., continuous, 
All the other species exhibit a regular alternation of two leaves, 
each having a tendril opposite it, with a third leaf without such a 
tendril, and this arrangement may be named intermittent tendrils. 
To observe this character well it is necessary to examine well-grown 
canes found in early summer. In connection with this law most 
grape-vines bear only two inflorescences or bunches upon the same 
cane, while in the forms belonging to Labrusca there are often three, 
and sometimes four or five, or, rarely, even six in succession each 
opposite a leaf. se : 
Only the leaves of flower-bearing canes ought to be considered 
the normal ones. The dull leaves, even when they lose their down, 
never become glossy like the shining ones. Therdifferent forms of 
Riparia and Cordifolia flower first, next comes Labrusca and its 
relatives (cultivated) and about two weeks later than Riparia comes 
stivalis—the limits at St. Louis varying with the season, being 
between May 10th and June 15th. jae : 
One of the botanical characters of the grape-vines is found in the 
seeds. The bunches may be larger or smaller, looser or more com- 
act, branched (shouldered) or more simple ; the berries may be 
larger or smaller, of different color or consistency, and contain fewer 
or more seeds (never more than four); but the seeds, though to 
some extent variable, especially on account of their number and 
mutual pressure where more than one is present, exhibit some available 
differences. The big top of the seed is convex or rounded, or it is 
more or less deeply notched. The thin lower end of the seed, the 
beak, is short and abrupt, or it is more or less elongated. On the 
inner (ventral) side are two shallow longitudinal depressions. Be- 
tween them is a ridge, slight where there are one or two seeds, or 
ia threes or fours; along this ridge the 
sharper where the seeds are in : 
paki (the attached funiculus or cord) runs from the hilum, at the 
beak, over the top of the seed, and ends on its back in an oval or 
circular well-marked spot, called by botanists chalaza. This raphe 
