Vol. VI. No. 35.] BULLETIN OF THE ToRREY BoTAnicaL Cuus. [New York, Nov., 1877. 
§ 197. Fresh Water Algae. IIT. 
In offering the following list of Fresh Water Algae I present the 
work of the past twelve months. It embraces upward of 150 forms 
new to the United States and 24 more entirely new species. The 
former possess features more or less marked, which readily reconcile 
them with the diagnosis of European plants. I will not say, I con- 
sider all of them distinct species. The more I see, the clearer my 
conviction that there are many forms accepted as species, which are 
merely varieties of development of the same plants. For the present, 
I not only accept these, but have gone so far as to add 24 more to 
the already very large number described by European authorities. 
The most of these new species are very distinct ; for two I found 
no congeners: the one I call Kalodictyon, the ornamented net, 
being a net-like growth, with the threads strung with forms as of 
wrought pearl: the other I have named Poterophora, urn bearer, in 
view of the urn-like forms borne upon the filaments. Doubts have 
been expressed, whether this is a normal form of an Alga. The 
idea of a protothallus of a moss has been suggested, but it is unlike 
anything of the kind described, moreover, the urn forms put forth 
gemmae from the open ends; these are at first spherical, then they 
divide by a transverse membrané, elongate, and add cell to cell, re- 
producing filaments like the mother plant. 
The larger portion of the plants enumerated were collected in 
Northampton and adjoining counties of Pennsylvania; others are 
credited to other localities. I acknowledge gratifying aid received 
in collections made by H. W. Ravenel in South Carolina, by J. 
Donnell Smith in Florida, by T. S. Brandegee in Colorado, by C. L. 
Anderson in California, and by others. C. F. Austin, of New Jersey, 
in his indefatigable bryological researches during the past ten years, 
laid by many specimens not belonging to his special departments ; 
these he presented for examination. Among them were found a 
number of very interesting plants, new to this country. One from 
the White Mountains is worthy of a special note. It is a plant of 
some popular fame in the Alpine regions of Europe, known as the 
“ Veilchen Stein” or as “ Veilchen Moos” (Violet Stone, or Violet 
Moss). It forms a thin stratum on stones, which when dry is 
inodorous, but when moistened emits the delightful fragrance of 
violets. In the list below it appears as Chroolepus iolithus. 
I add acouple to the list that are not quite new; plants that 
were discovered by Bailey about 25 years ago, but have not been 
noticed since. 
The occasional initials in brackets indicate the collector's name. 
BETHLEHEM, Pa., Nov., 1877. Francis WOLLE. 
-PHYCOCHROMOPHYCEAE. 
1. Chroococcus, Naeg.—Ch. decorticans, A. Braun. Hab. 
Submerged timbers. eee 
Ch. rubrapunctus, n. sp. C. aquatica, cellulis singulis, vel 
