3 
Finally, it would not be difficult to see how the twin flowers might 
be consolidated through the suppression of portions of this hypan- 
thium; especially if we suppose the protuberance mentioned to be a 
continuation of it existing at the sides and between the two ovaries 
above, though not necessarily passing between and separating them 
internally. 'It is doubtful, however, whether this last point is worth 
much except as an attempt to explain the presence of these curious 
fleshy points. 
In regard to Fig, 7, it was the result of a search for additional 
proof that the supposed petiolar expansions were really such, and 
superimposed over the parts commonly present. The cross-section 
was made above the middle of the berry, and revealed, in this one 
case, indistinct bands of narrow cells alternating with roundish ones, 
and corresponding in number to the wall of the carpel, the calyx and 
the epidermis of the fleshy petiolar portion. In other and similar 
sections no differentiations were found. 
The section shown in Fig. 7, even allowing that the bands seen 
are to be interpreted as above, was made at such a height on the 
berry that it could be expected to throAv little light, one way or the 
other, on the presence of a fleshy axis below, such as has been sug- 
gested in this paper. Subsequent sections made through the 
middle and lower portions of other berries revealed no differences in 
the hypodermal tissue that were at all clear. 
All the specimens of the leafy berries from which the above 
studies were made were from this vicinity — the valley of Cayuga 
Lake. The larger number were collected in November, 1881. One 
(that from which Figs. 5 and 6 were taken) was found by Hon. H. 
B, Lord, along Cascadilla Creek, near Ithaca. The origin of the 
leafy appendages was not at all clear until a few days later, when by 
good fortune the writer found, about six miles from the first station, 
specimens representing all stages of the adnation. He noticed a 
single similar specimen on Cascadilla Creek in October, 1882. 
The partridge-berry seems to be given to interesting variations. 
Its dimorphism has long been known. More recently, white berries 
have been detected at Canaan, Conn,, and Moravia, N. Y.; and Dr. 
Atwood, the discoverer of the latter station, states that they appear 
on the same plants from year to year. Variations in the numerical 
plan of the flower, as well as the union of the two flowers, have 
been noticed frequently. ^Lastly, we note the adnation of the petioles 
of the upper pair of leaves with the fruit. 
A word in regard to the common names. Mitchella seems to be 
pretty generally known as partridge-berry, especially by people who 
have studied botany. In certain portions of New England and 
Pennsylvania, however, it is called squaw-plum and squaw-berry, a 
name certainly indigenous, one might almost say aboriginal. 
Description 0/ Plate xxvi. — Mitchella repens, L., Fig. i. Berry and upper 
pair of leaves, normal. Figs. 2, 3 and 4, Berries with leaf-petioles more or less 
adnate and fleshy. Fig. 5. Fleshy petioles completely enveloping the berry- Fig. 
6. Vertical section of berry shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7. Cell-structure of upper part 
of berry shown in Fig. 5. a, epidermis of expanded petiole ; b^ fleshy poition 
of petiole ; a and b\ fleshy calyx ; c and </, carpellary portion. 
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