54 
/ 
partial longitudinal septum. The spore is often composed of only 
six divisions or cells, loosely attached to each other, the four middle 
ones placed in a subquadrate manner, with a single nearly globose 
cell at each end. These different cells are so slightly attached to 
each other that they easily separate and the sporidium breaks up 
like a crumbling raspberry. 
On the dead stems of some species of Cirshim^ 
SPHiERiA (Anthostomella) pholidigena. — Perithecia subcutic- 
ular, erumpent, hemispheric, rough (.33- 5"""^*); ostiolum slightly 
prominent, with a rather large aperture; asci linear, 114x7/^; para- 
physes abundant; sporidlauniseriate, narrow, ellipticah continuously 
brown, 7-10x5-6//. Some of the perithecia contain stylospores, 
which are much like the ascospores, but a little shorter. This 
differs from Amphisphceria conormn^ Fckl., only in its smaller 
sporidia and differently shaped stylospores, and may, perhaps, be 
more properly considered as a mere variety of that species. 
On cones of red pine. On the back of the scales and mostly 
covered by the overlapping point of the next scale below. 
I 
H 
Morphology in the Tuber of Jerusalem Artichoke- — Picking up, 
in my garden, a tuber of Jerusalem artichoke which had been thrown 
out on the surface by recent spading, I was attracted by the promi- 
nence of the buds, and the distinct markings on the tuber, showing 
the position of the buds, leaves and branches in the order of their 
phyllotaxis. The accompanying sketch, which I made at the time, 
will exhibit this arrangement. 
On the growing stem, the artichoke {Helianthus tuberosus) has the 
leaves opposite during the early part 
of its growth, the upper leaves grad- 
ually becoming alternate. In this 
tuber, or underground stem, the 
opposite-leaved arrangement is plain- 
ly visible. On the right side are 
two arrested branches from the axils 
of suppressed leaves, correspond- 
ing to two others on the left side 
which are not so fully developed. 
alternate buds, occupying the 
front face (and to which theYe are 
others corresponding on the opposite 
face) seem not to have developed 
into branches, but remain only as 
buds. The wavy lines of exfoliating 
membrane or skin seem morpholo- 
gically to belong to the leaf-system, 
and mark the division of the nodes, corresponding in this with the ridge 
formed by the expansion and adnation of the bases of the opposite 
leaves as seen in the stem above ground. The internodal spaces are 
very much contracted, and their wavy, undulating course is due to 
Note. — Vaha didymospom, ^^^i^xxh^A oa p. gS, Vol. ix., of the Bulletin, 
proves to be only an imperfectly developed stale of Vaha subcuticulans, C. & E. 
The 
