9 
BULLETIN 
OF THE 
TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB. 
Vol. XM New York, October, 1884. [No. 10. 
litt] 
Notes on the Haustoria of some N, A. Parasitic Phanerogams-* 
By Joseph Schrenk. 
(Plate XLVi.) 
^^ p. 
Geraruia quercifolia, Pursh. — The parasitism of Gerardia 
TQS to have been first pointed out by J. Stauffer, who, in a curious 
e pamphlet of two pages, printed by the author in 1850, mentions 
me parasitic attachments of Gerardia flava, quercifolia, pedicularta 
and iemiifolia.\ On two accompanying plates portions of specimens 
of these four species are figured. The character of these illustrations 
may be judged of by a reproduction of one of them in Gray's Struct- 
ural Botany, p. 38. Neither text nor figures contain any informa- 
tion about the interior structure of the haustoria, nor was I able to 
discover any literature referring to this subject anywhere else. 
The figures on Plate xlvi. (with one exception) were drawn from 
the haustoria of Gerardia quercifolia attached to the roots of Corylus 
rostraia, Ait., gathered in New Hampshire, in the month of August, 
and on them the following description is mainly based. _ Besides, I 
folia 
A 
to my knowledge, have not yet been reported as parasitic. 
The haustoria of Gerardia appear as lateral rounded excrescences 
which are scattered irregularly along the branches of the root, where- 
ever there is a chance for them to obtain suitable nourishment:^ they 
very frequently attach themselves to the root of the Gerardia itself. 
The largest I found are about e*"""- in length, while the smallest con- 
s«st simply of a few layers of cells raised above the surface of the 
root. We either find several, often many, haustoria, more or less dis- 
tant from one another, growing from the same branch of the Gerardia 
joot, which keeps on growing, eventually producing more haustoria 
y^^Z- 7; at cm we see the continuation of the root); or the rootlet, 
after having produced a haustoriam, shrinks into an insignificant ap- 
pendage (Fig. i), or disappears altogether, so that the haustorium 
appears terminal (Figs. 2, 3, 4). 
Cf. Bulletin, Vol. x.. No. 4. 
^ tWhen I sent the note referrinii to the parasitism of Gmirdia lenuifoha to the 
Euu ETiN, in December 1883, I had not yet seen this pamphlet; a copy of it was 
found in the library of the To^rev Herbarium by Ur. N. L. Bntton, who drew my 
f enuon to it, and thereby enables me to give the credit of having d'scovered the 
parasitism of G. tenuifoliaio Mr. Stauffer. In this pamphlet ^;f«''""^7 «f ' J^f ,f^ 
^•«o >s briefly described, and two accompanying plates, lithographed and P"nted b^ 
In ^"/^''•■' g'^e a gooJ representation of the entire plant above ground, and a fair 
""e of Its roots. 
