3k 
of accessory buds, with special reference to those developed 
vertically above or below the main axillary bud. The first 
method of arrangement, where the secondary buds appear above 
the first one developed, is termed direct superposition ; the second, 
where they are found below the first bud, zzverted superposition. 
Direct superposition is of rare occurrence both in herbaceous and 
woody plants, but is beautifully shown in the Tartarean Honey- 
suckle, where the larger principal bud is surmounted by three or 
four successively smaller ones; also in Passiflora lutea, Coreopsis 
tinctoria and C. tripteris. Inverted superposition is common in 
many ligneous and herbaceous plants. Usually the axillary bud 
first produced reaches a considerable size before a second one 
appears, and this may be ultimately separated from it for a con- 
siderable space by the elongation of the node. Mr. Foerste finds 
in Fraxinus viridis, F. sambucifolia and vigorous shoots of F. 
Americana, two buds in the same axil, the lower about one-half 
the size of the upper. Cercis Canadensis has two or three, the 
lowest often minute and covered by the petiole scar. The 
hickories have the upper of the two buds excessively developed, 
the lower remaining insignificant, except in Carya microcarpa, 
where the lower is of larger size. Many other plants are cited. 
Species in which the upper bud immediately develops into a 
branch while the lower remains in the bud state are rarein ligneous 
plants but abundant among herbs. Among those mentioned by 
Mr. Foerste are Scrophularia nodosa, Gerardia purpurea, and 
Teucrium Canadense. Later in the season some of these smaller 
buds may produce branches, as in Ambrosia trifida. The flowers 
and inflorescences of certain species, being homologous with 
branches, are sometimes superimposed to buds, as in Delphinium 
Consolida. In Gleditschia triacanthos the thorn is a_ specially 
developed superposed bud. In Lilium bulbiferum the bulblets 
are in inverted superposition to the peduncles. 
Botanical Noles. 
The Nival Flora of Switzerland: Oswald Heer. (Nouveaux — 
Mem. Soc. Helvét. des Scie. Nat., xxix, part 1.) An interesting 
summary of the results reached by Prof. Heer in this work, may 
be found in Nature, Vol. xxxiii., pp. 206,207. From this we _ 
