76 
represented by minute circles between two minute triangles. 
Flowers borne in the axils of scales on the peduncles of, other 
flowers, are connected with both by dotted lines. 
Avueust F. FOERSTE. 
Notes on New Jersey Violets. 
Trenton, situated as it is near the borders of the “Yellow Drift,” 
has a particularly rich and varied flora. Not only do we find here 
the flowers of the middle part of the State, but also a large pro- 
portion of those of both north and south Jersey. The genus Viola 
is. well represented in this locality, nearly three-fourths of the 
species and varieties mentioned in Gray’s Manual being found 
within five or six miles of Trenton. Viola tricolor is reported 
from this section, but I have been unable to find it, and have for 
several years been of the opinion that the var. arvensis, which 
grows here abundantly, must have been mistaken for it. Dr. Gray 
states in his Revision of N. A. Violets that the pansies are rep- 
resented in America by V. tricolor, var. arvensis only, and that 
hitherto he has taken this for a field variety of V. tricolor escaped 
from cultivation. All my observations tend to confirm the opinion 
that the variety is indigenous. 
I have occasionally found, in the fall, a few specimens of V. 
palmata, var. cucullata, Gray, in bloom; but last year, while 
botanizing near Ramsey’s, Bergen County, N. J., I found the 
flowers quite plentiful, and a few days later was surprised to see 
the V. canina, var. Muhlenbergii, Gray, blooming so abundantly 
that in a short time I gathered a bouquet of the flowers as large 
as a teacup. The latter species continued to bloom from the 
time I found it in September to the middle of November. This 
fact is very interesting, since Dr. Gray says our plant is only 
spring flowering, and speaks of a summer form of V. canina found 
by Dr. Engelmann near Lake Superior. Whether this was owing 
‘to some peculiarity of the season, or whether it is of common 
occurrence at Ramsey’s, I was unable to ascertain ; but it is evident 
that under certain conditions some species of violets, naturally 
spring-flowering, bloom also freely in the fall; and it seems to 
me that this occurs frequently enough to warrant its being recorded 
in botanical works. Wictarp A. STOWELL: 
