198 
work in Cryptogamic Botany covered the flora of the Southern 
States, and in Fungi and Mosses was practically the first in that 
region. He was the the first to issue a set of American Fungi, 
“ Fungi Caroliniani Exsiccati ” (1853-1860), and later with M. C. 
Cooke, the “ Fungi Americani Exsiccati” (1878-1882) were pub- 
lished in eight centuries, collected mostly in the Southern States. 
Dr. Ravenel’s abilities and researches were perhaps better known 
in Europe than in America, and he had an extensive correspon- 
dence with Berkeley, Fries, Montagne, and was a member of the 
Zodlogische Botanische Gesellschaft, the Academy of Natural 
Science of Philadelphia, and was botanist to the Department of 
Agriculture of South Carolina at the time of his death. His 
herbarium, which is practically the only legacy that he leaves his 
family, contains many type specimens and many well authenti- 
cated by M. A. Curtis, Berkeley and others. A full list of his 
works, as given by W. G. Farlow, will be found in the Botanical 
Gazette, xii., pp. 194-197. 
Swedish Linnean Monument Association. It is proposed to 
erect in Lincoln Park, Chicago, IIl., an exact counterpart of the 
statue of Linnzus recently unveiled in the Royal Gardens at 
Stockholm. Several meetings have been held by the above 
named association, at which definite arrangements have been ~ 
made for carrying on the work. The estimated cost of the statue 
is $30,000, and subscriptions are solicited from all botanists in 
the United States. : 
The Tubercular Swellings on the Roots of Leguminosae. H. 
Marshall Ward (Proc. Royal Soc., xlii., p. 331), Preliminary 
Note. “The author finds that the tubercles on the roots of the 
Leguminosee are due to the action of a parasitic fungus. Not 
only has he produced the tubercles by infection from without, 
but he has also found the infecting agent, and repeatedly seen 
and figured the infecting hypha passing down inside a root-hair 
and across the cortex of the root into the young tubercle. Here 
_the hyphal branches bud off yeast-like cells, which are extremely 
minute and numerous, and resemble bacteria at first sight; they © 
differ in their mode of multiplying by budding.” 
“The action of these minute germ-like bodies causes the 
protoplasm of the cells of the root to assume plasmodium-like 
