353 
still regard them as calyx and corolla. The segments of the two 
series are alternate with each other, sometimes one or both pedi- 
cellate or tubular below, sometimes free and separate, often par- 
tially or wholly connate. 
The floral appendages of these plants constitute a morphologi- 
cal feature of great interest. In Erdocau/on the appendage of the 
staminate flower appears like a style included in and coalescent: 
with the tube of the inner segments, projecting between the 
bases of the stamens in three small black points which look much 
like the segmental glands. Ido not find this in the pistillate 
flower. In Dupatya and Lachnocaulon the appendages are more 
marked. In the staminate flower they stand up in two or three 
distinct lobes which are often papillose. In the pistillate flower 
they are attached to the style in or below the sinuses of the 
stigmas, apparently enclosing and cohering with the style. Nearly 
all the botanists who have noticed these appendages regard those 
of the staminate flowers as rudimentary pistils. Kunth consid- 
ers them so in both kinds of flowers, but most botanists are con- 
tent to call those of the fertile flowers merely appendages. 
Of the following species seven occur in the United States and 
five in Mexico, of which two are more particularly described as 
they approach our boundary near enough to render it probable 
that sooner or later they will be detected on this side of the bor- 
der. 
1. ERIOCAULON ARTICULATUM (Huds.). 
Nasmythia articulata, Huds. Fl. Ang. Ed. 2, i, 415 (1778). 
£, pellucidum, Mx. FI. ii, 166 (1803). 
E. septangulare, With. Ar. Br. Pl. ii. 257. (1818); Torr. 
Bot. N. Y. ii. 335 (1843), and other American authors. 
Stem a mere crown. Leaves pellucid, three to eight nerved, 
fenestrate, acuminate, % to 3 inches long, usually equal to the 
sheaths. Scapes weak, commonly twisted, about seven-angled, 
smooth, mostly from 4 to 8 inches in height, but sometimes 
scarely one inch, and when submersed often elongating till they 
are from 4 to 10 feet long, usually solitary but occasionally 
clustered. Involucral scales smooth or the innermost bearded at 
the apex, oblong, obtuse, entire, scarious, of a livid or fuscous 
tint, usually shorter than the flowers. Heads androgynous, the 
