20 
monly bitter, the roots of A. Canadensis are pungent, so much 
so that on tasting them quite frequently the pungency remained 
upon the tongue for a couple of hours after the work had ceased, 
leaving still longer a feeling of rawness. This test was very use- 
ful in cases where the Aphyllon became detached, for even the 
fibrils are sufficiently characterized by this taste to be distin- 
guished. It is rare for the parasite to be without an attached 
fibril, unless it grows on some larger part of the root. The 
Aphylion has a very bitter taste. Its haustorium is formed by 
an enlargement of the base of the stem, turned a little to one 
side. Through it the root of the Artemisia passes, and when the 
parasite is near the end of the root this soon terminates in a fibril 
an inch or two beyond the haustorium. Usually it does not 
branch except near the main root, but runs on singly, possessing 
the small rootlets only. The roots of the grasses, mostly th 
of Calamagrostis, Panicum and Andropogon, are tough and wity, 
the bark loose and easily slipped off. They are commonly fuzzy 
with hairs to which particles of sand cling in abundance. To the 
taste they are insipid. 
By applying tests like these no roots were found with 
Aphyllon attached that did not accord with those of Artemzsta. 
It would be easy at times to draw a different conclusion from ap- 
pearances on the surface, as when an Artemisia did not seem to 
be near enough to furnish the required support, but if one we . 
within four or five feet it doubtless would serve. I do not knov 
how far the roots of Artemisia may extend in the sand, but 
they taper so imperceptibly the length may go considerably be- 
yond the forty-three inches mentioned above, since the fibril im 
which they are apt to end is a sudden tapering relative to the 
part between the parasite and the tap-root. The roots of mos! 
plants in the sand are unusually long. I have traced those 
Cnicus Pitcheri, a stout, branching plant a foot or two high grow: 
ing in the same loose sand, to a distance of eight feet, and thet 
lost them. Sometimes an Artemisia is invisible or easily over 
* In the recently published ‘‘ Flora of Cook County, Illinois, and a part 
Lake County, Indiana,” it is said on my authority to be ‘‘a parasite on Amdennari 
This is a mistake or faulty reading, for my note book, which the authors had ! 
consultation, reads ‘‘ parasitic on Artemisia,” : 
