159 
a second species demonstrates the extension into Asia of a genus 
hitherto considered solely American. Kelloggia Chinensis is 
another and interesting example of the simultaneous existence in 
North America and Central Asia of certain very characteristic 
plant types. Remarkable among many such cases is that of 
Cypripedium arietinum, the presence of which in the mountains of 
western China was most unexpected. Ais Mo 
Fossil Botany, Being an Introduction to Paleophytology from the 
Standpoint of the Botanist. H. Graf zu Solms-Laubach. (8- 
vo. cloth. pp. 401; illustrated. New York. Macmillan & 
Co. 1891. Translated into English by Henry E. F. Garn- 
say and revised by Isaac Bayley Balfour). 
It is necessary to say in the beginning that the term “ palao- 
phytology” is used in a very restricted sense, and hence the 
work does not treat of the angiosperms, which are all considered 
as modern types of vegetation. The opening pages are largely 
elementary, dealing with the phenomena of petrifaction, forma- 
tion of coal, etc. The chief value of the work will be found to 
consist in the grouping of supposed allied organisms, and the dis- 
cussion of their probable affinities in modern vegetation and be- 
tween themselves. Structural botany plays an important part in 
the author’s conclusions, and almost the entire series of forty-nine 
figures is the result of microscopic analysis. 
It would be impossible in a brief review to give the course of 
reasoning by which the author arrives at his conclusions, but it 
is of interest to know that original investigations and comparison 
of the observations of others have resulted in relegating O/d- 
hamia and Vexillum to purely mechanical causes. In regard to 
Buthotrephis and Spirophyton the author still seems to be non- 
committal, but Arthrophycus is permitted to remain in the do- 
main of the botanist. Lepidodendron, Leprdophlots and Kunorria 
are given equal generic rank, and Lepidostrobus is referred, as 
might be expected, to fruiting branches of Lepidodendra. The 
Sigillarie are not classed as transitional types, but are placed 
unequivocally with the Archegoniate and Stigmaria as the root 
stem of Sigi//aria. Considerable doubt is thrown on the oo 
ally accepted ideas regarding the relations between Calamites 
and its allies, but the author is very non-committal, and we are 
