848 OLXXXIIIL COMMELINACEJE. [Commelinec. 
postieus tamen sspe indehiscens remanet v. septicide secedens v. abortivus v. omnino 
deest; rarissime loculi antici vacui connatique ligulam formant persistentem a postico 
PERSA solutam. Semina loculos implentia, si solitaria ellipsoidea, si gemina arcte 
j? faciebus contiguis planis, hilo lineari, testa firma sepius nigra v. fusca 
varie reticulata foveolata v. rugosa; embryo horizontalis, embryostega laterali. Herb 
ramoste, caule debili v. rarius valido basi ssepe repente, ascendente v. erecto. Folia ovata 
lanceolata v. linearia, in vaginis laxis sessilia v. brevissime petiolata: e in axillis 
d tenues v. brevissimi, spatham late p 
llatam ferentes, int duneuli plures ad apicem rami Ji fasciculati 
vy. intbidp dl) spatha in quoque pedunculo semper solitaria. Cyma intra spatham 
2-üda, ramo utroque v. uno tantum scorpioideo co-foro, inferiore tamen interdum ad 
stipitem nudum reducto. Flores c:rulei flavescentes v. rarius albi, parvuli, pedicellati, 
succedanei, e spatha sigillatim exserti, superiores in ramo co-floro masculi deeidui, 
inferiores 1-3 fertiles, pedicello post anthesin recurvo capsulam intra spatham matures- 
centes. 
Species enumerat C. B. Clarke 88, bene notas, per regiones calidiores utriusque orbis late dispersas, 
in America tam boreali qnam australi in Africa tota et in Asia tropiea frequentes, in Asia usque 
ad Chinam et Japoniam extense, in Australia tropica et subtropica inveniuntur, in Europa desunt. 
Kunth, Enum. Pl.iv.35. Gertn. Fruct.t. 15. C. B. Clarke in. DC. Monogr. Phanerog. iii. 198 
Comimel. et. Cyrtandr. Beng. t. 1ad 18. Webb, Phytogr. Canar. t. 238, 239. Wight, Ic. t, 2066, 
2066. Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Per. et Chil. t. 12, 78 f. a. Seub, in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. i. 1. 86, 87. Jacq. 
le. Har. t. 293, 294. Hed. Lil. t. 206, 207, 359, 390. Willd. Hort. Berol.t. 87. Andr. Bot. 
Hep.t. 399. Reichb. Iconogr. Exot. t. 142 ad 144, 151. Schlecht. Hort. Hal. t. 1. Link, KI. et Otto, 
lc. Sel. t. 30. Bot Mag. t. 1431, 2644, 3047.  Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1503. Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 3. 
Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 166. Regel, Gartenf. t. 104, 592, 
Genus habitu insigniter homomorphum, difficillime i in uve naturales dividitur, Kunth series 
2 distinxit ad spatham a basi apertam ibus basi plus minus connatis 
turbinatam v. cucullatam.  Hasskarl genera nonnulla Undo ad fructus variationes definita. 
C. B. Clarke genus in integrum restoravit, A/Ayrocarpo solo excepto, et sectiones 6 sequentes 
proposuit, eharacteribus carpologicis bene limitatas, sed forte nimis artificiales:— 
1l. Éucommelina.. Ovarii loculi 2 antiei 2-ovulati, posticus l-ovulatus. Capsule loculi antici 
loeulicide dehi: postieus indehi: y. demum dehiscens ab anticis szepe septicido secedens. 
2. Heterocarpus, Ovula loculorum antieorum sepius imperfecta v. abortiya rarius semina perfecta 
emtera Fi 
3. Dissecocarpus. Ovarii loculi 2, 2-ovulati, postico deficiente v. rarius rudimentario v. parvo 
Ssterilique. e 
4. Trithyrocarpus. Ovariiloeuli 3, l-ovulati. Capsula squaliter 3-locularis, loculicide 3-valvis. 
5. Heteropyais. Ovariiloeuli 3, 1-ovulati. Capsule loculi 2 antici loculieide dehiscentes, posticus 
indehiscens, septicide secedens. 
6. Spathodithyros. Ovarii loculi 2, 1-ovulati, dorsali deficiente. Capsula equaliter 2-locularis, - 
loeulieide 2-valvis. 
TurruynocanPus, Zfassk. Commel, Ind. 24, capsula 3-loculari, loculis 1-spermis, includit sectiones 
Trithyrocarpuin et Heleropyzidem, Clarke. CowwEUrNA a. Hasskarlio reducta fuit ad species capsula 
3-loculari loeulis 2 2-spermis tertio l-spermo, et includit Ewcommelinazm eum speciebus nonnullis 
Heterocarpi, Clarke. |. Hassk. Commel, Ind. 10, capsula 2-loculazi, loculis l-ovulatis 
et DissEcocAnPus, Hassk, l. c. 9, pro sectionibus a Clarkeo ; 
. HzrxRocanrus, Wight, Ic. vi. 29, . 2007, genus propositum fuit ad species 2 Peninsule Indis 
orientalis, altera floribus czruleis, altera floribus flavis, quibus loculus postieus solus in ovario 
ovulum unieum includit, et in fruetu septicide secedit et indehiscens remanet; loculi 2 antici, sub 
anthesi minuti vaeuique, post anthesin clausi, cum axi fructus ligulam formant istentem 
linearem, a Wightio infeliciter podoearpium dietam. C. B. Clarke in sectione sua Ze po species 
plures Afrieanas addidit, loculis anticis ut 'n Eucommelina 2-ovulatis, ovulis tamen mox aborti- 
entibus uno rarissime semen perfectum formante. Capsula in his 2-valvatim dehiscit, loculo postico 
fertili valvie posticz adnato, 
Absque fructu sectiones Clarkei v, genera Hassk di d fin nisi 3 priores 
ovarii loeulis antieis 2-ovuletis subgenus ipse Clarke, formantes, a. 8 posterioribus loculis 
