44 , 
in compactness and more or less a])proaching it in form tin<\ nrrangOTTirnt 
of the cells are found in Nephrodium cucuUaium, Ilnmata gaimard'uina, 
II. parvula, Pteris opam, P. longifolia, llyinenohpi^ Niphoholus, Puly- 
podium albidO'Squamatani and Achrosikhutn. Except tlie first, these 
liave tlie underlying paruuclijina very loose and open. 
The mcsophyll is more compact and green above, witliont however 
being palisado-like, in Didymocldaena (G),* Cydopeliis, Odontosoria, 
Dennstaedtm erijthrorachis (7-8), Dipla:i.ium Ui\l (4), P. hulhiferutn 
D. tenerum, D. doUchosorum (d) , Asplenium Belangeri (-J^5), Blcchnum 
egrcgium (C), Pteris mdanocaulon and Taenltis (8); jnore open below 
but about as green, in Nephrodium immersum (5) ; with chlorophyll 
even in the sclerencliyma, N. pteroides (3-G), Meniscinm (G-7), Aspx- 
dium difforme (7), Dipteris (8-9), Pteris excelsa (7-8), Polypodium 
ZippeVii (8), and P. Phymatodes (8). 
In very many more species there is no evident difCercntiation. Ac- 
cording to my cards, the parenchyma is nndifferentiated and compact in 
Polystichum, Nephrodium syrmaiicum (5), N, intermedium (3)^ TV. 
setigerum (5), N. canescens (2), and its var. nephrodiifonnis (2-3), 
N. diversilohum (2-3)^ N. 1GS5 (3), N. Bordenii (2-3), Nephrohpis 
cordifoUa (5), N. hirsutula (fi-7), N. laurifolia (7), Oleandra, DavnUia 
decurrens (5), Microlepia strigosa (4), Dennstaedtia Williatnsi (4-(l), 
D. cuneata (G-7), lAndsaya gracilis (2), CalUpteris esculenta, Diplazium 
meyenianum (2-4), D. fruduosum (G), Z>. polypodioides (4-5), Asple- 
nium caudatum (4:-5), A, cuneatum, Adiantuni mindanaoense (2), 
Sdiizostege pachysora {S),Onydiium {7~S), Pteris pluricaudata (3-4), 
Vittaria falcata (10), Polypodium papillosum (3-4), P. aiigustatum 
(G-7), P. heradeum (4-5), Lecanopteris (5), Drymnia rigidula (5), 
Dryostadiyum (4-5), and Lomagramma (G). It is subeonipaet in 
Nephrodium procurrens (3), N". 1077 (2-3), AspJenium PhyUitidis 
(10-13), A. epiphyticum (4), and Vittaria alternans (8). It is cpiito 
open throughout in Nephrodium 1712 (3), Aspidium angulatum (3-4), 
Stenosemia aurita (3), Arthropleris (4), Lindsaya hymenophylloides 
(2), L, hlumeana (2), L. pxddiella (3), Loxogramme conferia (10), 
L. iridifolia (8), Syngramma (8), Diplazium pallidum (3), D. Tri7?ia»i.si 
(?-4), Aijp^enium resedum (3), A. a^?ie (5), Athyrium silvaticum (4), 
Stenochlaena sp. (G), Adianium pMlippense (2), Sdiizostege calocarpa 
(4), Antrophyum latijolium (G), Polypodium cucullatum (2), and P. 
Sdineideri (4). It is stellate, thronghont or in part, in Nephrodium 
sparsum (4-5), Microlepia pinnata (7), Coniogramme fraxinea (6-7), 
Loxogramme involuta, CalUpteris cordifoUa (10) (the last three below 
only), F'i^kn'a ^nmor (14) except two layers above, Prosaptia crypto- 
carpa, Polypodium cmspitosum (8) (fig. 14), P. cdehicum (5), and 
P. ohllquatum (6). 
•Figures in paroTitlieses state tlie number of layers of paretioliyma. 
