358 Fox^A'<)UT^Y. 
Deposits in vessels, etc, — The nature and color of the deposits in the 
vessels of certain woods is a distinctive character. Thus ipil {Tntsia 
spp.) is distinguished b3vthe sulphur-yellow de]x>sits in its vessels; acle 
{PithecolohiiUH acle (Blco.) Yid.) and eatnion (DiUcnia spp.) by white 
ones; lumbayao, cahmtas (Toona spp.), and dugnan {Knrma and Myrh' 
tica spp.) by red deposits; ebon}', eamagon {T)iospyros spp-)^ '^'^<^ l)olon- 
geta l)y the very dense, black deposits in all of the wood elements of Uie 
heartwood; palo maria {Calophyllum spp.), betis {Wipe hctis (Blco.) 
Merr.), and bansahiguin {Mimusops eJengi L.) have pale-yellowish de- 
posits in the vessels. 
2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Ol" WOOD. 
PHYSICAL PROPEBTIKS. ^ 
Color, — The heart- and the sap-wood are often very widely different 
in color. Usually, the former is verv much darker than the latter and 
the line of demarcation between the two is often verv distinct. In some 
cases, such as agoho {Casuarina equisetifolia Forst.) the heart is only 
different in degree froni the sap, being only a few shades darker in color 
and showing a gradual change from sap- to heart-wood. In other in- 
stances there is no heartwood, the color being the same throughout; 
examples are dita {Ahtonia scltoJaris K. Br.) and lanete (Wrightia 
spp.). 
There is usually some range of color within a species, but still not so 
much as to prevent the recognition of the characteristic color. However, 
in some species there is the greatest latitude of varial)i]ity. In narra 
{Pterocarpvs spp.), for instance, three colors of wood, Vespeetively known 
as white, yellow, and red narra, seem to be obtained from the same species. 
Color may be due to deposits in vessels, parenchyma and pith-ray cells, 
or to the presence of some pigment in all the elements of the wood. In 
calantas (Toona spp.), the elements all contain a certain amount of 
pigment and there is also the red-colored substance in the vessels. The 
black color of, eamagon {Diospyros spp.), bolongeta (Diospyros spp.), 
and ebony {Maba huxifolia Pers. and Diospyros spp.) is caused by a 
compound of tannic acid which fills all the elements of the heartwood. 
Odor. — Certain woods are recognizable l)y their disagreeable odor,, as, 
for example, cupang {Parkia roxhvrghii Don.) and Eugenia sp. Calan- 
tas (Toona spp.) has an odor resembling that of cedar; narra {Pterocar- 
pus spp.), a sweetish cedary, and teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) a 
distinctly aromatic odor. Others of our woods have their peculiar odors, 
which, though fainter and difficult of description, are yet distinctive. 
Ta^^te, — A number of our woods may be recognized by their bitter 
taste; among these are anubing (Artocarpm spp.), batino (Ahionia 
macropJiyJla Wall), betis (PtHpe betis (Blco.) Merr.), bansalaguin 
(Mimusops elengi L.), iliid, (AJ stonia scliolaris H. Br.), and yacal 
(Ho pea spp.). 
