410 cona^vNi). 
well-differentiated groups within Tectaria. In a family it is necessary, 
for the sake of idenfification, to refer these undifferentiated members to 
genera, as, in Polypodiacese, to Dryopfens^ or Alhyrium or AcropltoniSj 
but within a genus a forced classification would serve no purpose. 
The Philippine species apparently too primitive for any finer classi- 
fication than as Tedaiice, are T. devexa and 1\ calcarca, T. am- 
higua is apparently isolated in the Philippines, but is a relative of T. 
gigantea. (Aspidium Blume, Enumeratio 159, 1828.) I regard it as 
also a likely relative of Stenosemia. 
The better differentiated and understood groups are: 
a. Cicutarice. — Frond in the more generalized forms decompound; as 
in T. angusiiits (Christ, Sagenia, Bull. Herb. Boiss 6 (1906) 165) and 
T. cicutaria (Linnaeus Polypodium^ Syst. ISTat. 2, p. 132G, 1759) of the 
American tropics, and T. malayensis. T. laiifolia (Forst., Folypodlum, 
Prod. 83, 1780) and T. melanocaulon belong in this group^ and retain 
the dissected fronds. A simplification of the fronds is evident in T. 
angelicifolia (Polypodium, Schum. Vid. Selsk. Afh. 4 (1827) 228) and 
has gone further in T. Hippocrepis {Polypodium, Jacq. Collect. 3 (1789) 
816), T. apiifoUa {Aspidium Schkuhr 1809), and in our T. Christii. 
h. 1. Crenatw. — Simply pinnate plants with indusiate sori in regular 
rows parallel to main veins. The several supposed Philippine species 
seem safely referable to one, T. crenata. 
h. 2. TrifoIiat(B-PoIymorph(e. — A group whose common ancestry with 
the preceding is probably not exceedingly remote. Fronds less cut and 
more ample; indusia mostly fugacious. Sori in regular rows in Trifo- 
liatcej T. trifoliata Cav., T. suhtripliylla {Polypodium Hook. & Arn. 
Bot. Beech. Voy. 256, 1838-40), and T. siifolia, Sori scattered in Poly- 
morphea; T. Menyantliidis (not improbably, though not intimately, 
related to T. crenata), T, Barheri, T. polymorplia, and T. irrigua, and 
T. Labrusca {Polypodium, Hooker. Sp. Fil. 6 (1863) 73); these stand 
here in the probable order of their differentiation, the most ancestor-like 
first. The group is specialized in adaption to a moist, still habitat, as 
in gorges. American representatives are T. Plumieni {Aspidium Presl. 
Eel. Haenk. 29, 1825), a near relative of T. trifoliata, and T. martinicense 
{Aspidium Spr. Anleitung 3 (1804) 133). The Polymprphw of America 
and the Old World have very likely been derived separately, and might 
well be regarded as distinct minor groups. 
c. 1. Decurrentes.—CoeLTse ferns, with the rachis mostly or entirely 
winged, the main veins prominent and the sori in regular rows. T. 
grandifolia, 1\ dccurrcns, T. draconoptera {Aspidium, Eaton, Mem. Am. 
Acad. II, 8 (1860) 211) is an American fern intermediate between this 
group and the Vastw, 
