54 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. 



vastrum by Hemsley (Biol. Cent. Am. i, p. 99), we have 

 M. roseum, (DC), M. roseum, Hems!., or M. roseum, (DC.) 

 Hemsl. It appears in the above work, Malvastrum (Malva) 

 roseum, (DC. ). 



The matter of quoting is of secondary importance. In 

 a critical work the synonymy with date and place of pub- 

 lication is given and one can see at a glance the history of 

 a species. In lists or casual references to plants it is not 

 necessary to cite the author except to distinguish between 

 two species having the same name, in which case the author 

 of the combination is certainly more distinctive. But if 

 the question of credit to the author is considered important, 

 both should be cited. Yet in case the name is preoccupied 

 the former author does not receive his due credit, while if 

 an older name in another genus is restored, the author of 

 such a combination gets more credit than is his due. 



In the appended catalogue I have used the double citation 

 system, as it is in use among mycologists and also brings 

 out more points of the new system. The "new" or 

 "reformed" system has been frequently referred to; in 

 practice it is not new but has only recently been brought 

 forward among phenogamic botanists as a system of 

 nomenclature. 



If an author describes a species in one genus and after- 

 wards transfers it to another, double citation would require 

 that his name appear both in the parenthesis and outside, 

 as it is an accident that the two are the same ; also if a 

 section or other division of a genus is raised to generic 

 rank, the author of the former should be written in paren- 

 thesis, as Cenirosema, (DC.) Benth. 



The older authors are not always to be depended upon 

 in their references. For example, "Linn. Spec. PI." 

 frequently refers to the second edition. The second edition 

 of the Species is often cited for names which first appeared 

 in the tenth edition of the Systema Vegetabilium, 1759. 

 Swartz's Fl. Ind. Occ. is sometimes cited for names which 

 appeared several years earlier in his Prodromus, 1788. 



