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32 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. 
WINTER SYNOPSIS. 
Hicoria, Raf. Carya, Nutt. 
Pith not chambered (but sometimes cracking across at 
intervals when dry); buds frequently superposed, subnaked 
to evidently scaly, the lateral sometimes inclosed in a sac 
soon splitting at top, and often stalked; vernation of 
leaflets involute-convolute (pl. 23, f. 1); catkins not elon- 
gating until spring; fruit with the husk parted at least 
near the top, and usually deciduous. 
* Bud scales 4 to 6, valvate in pairs, often with apical lobes and in 
some species more or less enlarging into leaves in spring, conspicuously 
yellow dotted (except sometimes in the first); larger lateral buds often 
long stalked; staminate catkins from lateral buds of the preceding year 
as well as at base of the new growth.— § Pacania or Apocarya. 
+ Outer bud scales more or less fused, loosening at base; terminal 
buds elongated except in the second. 
++ Nut mostly elongated, subterete; the husk dehiscent nearly or 
quite to the base, its lobes usually with a raised margin. 
1. H. Pecan (Marshall) Britton. Carya olivaeformis, 
Nuttall.— The Pecan.—A large tree; bark thick, buff 
gray, deeply fissured but not shaggy; twigs gray, with a 
shade of buff, dull, from tomentose-hirsute becoming 
nearly glabrous, the minute pale lenticels mostly inconspic- 
uous the first year; buds elongated, gray, the terminal 
appressed, pubescent and yellow-glandular, the lateral 
soon nearly or quite glabrous; fruit 1 to 2 in. long; husk 
2 to 3 mm. thick, splitting to the base, often persistent on 
the tree after the nut falls; nut ovoid to ellipsoid, more or 
less pointed at the ends, brown, irregularly flecked and 
striped with a darker color, 2-celled; shell firm, scarcely 
1 mm. thick, the commissure weak and brown-spongy in 
the center; kernel sweet, little ruminated. —Iowa to 
southern Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana and Texas, extend- 
ing into Mexico,— in river bottoms.— Pl. 1, 2, 13, f. 1-3, 
16, f. 7-11. 
