118 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, 
Indian Territory and Arkansas to southern Texas. — 
Plate 33. 
Specimens examined from Arkansas (Nuttall); Indian Territory 
(Sheldon, Caddo, 39, 1891; Palmer, 298, 1868); Texas (Orcutt, Santa 
Anna, 90; Wright, 1822, 1851-52, 1849; Nealley, 1888, 1890; Hall, Austin, 
558, 1872; Drummond, 331; Lindheimer, 17, 331, 529, 318, 698, 90, 1845- 
48; Pope; Joor, Navarro Co., 1880; Jermy, Gillespie Co., 161, 186). 
E. commurata Engelm, in Gray, Man. 389. 1856. [2d 
ed.]; Brit. & Brown, Ill. Flora 2: 380. 1897; 
Chapm. Southern Flora 401. 1860; ? Macoun, Cat. 
426. 1886. £. Peplus Gray, Man. 405. 1848. (in 
part). £. Ohiotica Steud. & Hochst. in Frank PI. 
Amer. Exs. 1857, published first by Boissier in DC. 
Prod. 157: 142. 1862. Tithymalus commutatus K1. 
& Gar. Tricoc. 82. 1860. — Brit. & Brown, Ill. Flora 
J. 2334; Pammel, Seed-coats pl. 12. f. 19. 
Annual, or perennial by new stems arising from the de- 
cumbent base of those of the previous year, which persist 
over winter; 1.5 to 3 dm. high, ascending; stems one to 
many, branched below the umbel, often many short sterile 
leafy branches below; rays 3, 3 to 6 cm. long, many times 
dichotomously branched; stem leaves obovate, obtuse or 
retuse, the lower tapering into a petiole sometimes 1 cm. 
long, 5 to 30 mm. long, 3 to 10 mm. wide; leaves on 
sterile branches oblanceolate, almost acute; umbel leaves 
wider, ovate cordate or elliptical; floral leaves broad tri- 
angular reniform, subconnate, subcordate or the upper ones 
only truncate, 10 to 20 mm. wide, 5 to 12 mm. long; invo- 
lucres 1 to 2 mm. high and wide, whitish, glabrous except 
the oblong, ciliate lobes; glands 1 to 1.5 mm. wide, 
less than 1 mm. long, yellow or brown when old, with 
slender white horns twice as long, often toothed between 
the horns; fifth gland replaced by a small triangular lobe; 
bracts very small; stamens 10 to 15; capsules ovate 
globose, 3 mm. in diameter; cocci somewhat flattened on 
the back, faintly punctate; styles slender, united at the 
base, deeply bifid above, 1 mm. long; stigmas capitate ; 
34 
