138 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. 
Club 14: 24. 1887; Watson, Gray, Man. 456. 1890. 
[6th ed.]. Millspaugh, Medic. Plants 2: 150. 1892; 
Brit. & Brown, Ill. Flora 2: 380. 1897. — Reichenb. 
Ic. Flora Germ. f. 4797; Millspaugh, pl. 150. 
(distributed in herbaria); Brit. & Brown, Ill. Flora 
Sf. 2336. 
Stems 6 to 12 dm. high, 5 to 10 mm. thick, striate ; 
umbel about 12-rayed; rays 3 to 4.5 cm. long, 2 to 3 times 
dichotomous; many similar branches below the umbel; 
leaves crowded below, the lower scale like, those on the 
middle of the stem oblong lanceolate, smooth, shining, 
truncate or cordate at base, sessile or short  petioled, 
obtuse or acutish, mucronate, reflexed, 6 to 10 em. long, 
2.5 cm. wide, pinnately veined, margin entire, subrevolute ; 
leaves on sterile branches smaller, 2.5 to 3 em. long ; umbel 
leaves lanceolate with a cordate base, to cordate; floral 
leaves broad ovate cordate, mucronate, 15 to 17 mm. wide, 
10 to 12 mm. long, yellow at time of flowering; invo- 
lucres 2.3 mm. high, 2.5 to 3 mm. broad, white membran- 
aceous, pubescent with short hairs beneath the glands 
inside; lobes oblong, truncate, ciliate, erect ; glands trans- 
versely ovate, margin truncate or undulate, 1 to 2 mm. 
wide, 1 mm. long, yellow, horns .5 mm. long; bracts fili- 
form, almost as long as the involucre, a few hairs at the 
apex; stamens many; capsule ovoid, punctate scabrous; 
styles 2 mm. long, united one-third of their length, bifid 
one-third; stigmas clavate, recurved; seeds ovoid oblong, 
gray; caruncle oblong, flattened. — Introduced from 
Europe into central New York. Z. Nicaeensis, with 
which this has been confused, has short fleshy, trinerved 
leaves. Like 4’. Cyparissias, it seems, this plant rarely if 
ever produces seed in this country, but, no doubt, spreads 
extensively by the long roots or rhizomes. Underground 
parts, mature capsules and seeds not seen. — Plate 52. 
Specimens examined from New York (Millspaugh, Vestal, 1885, 1886, 
Waverly, 1888; Clute, Vestal, 1896, Binghamton, 1896; Curtice, Moravia) ; 
Pennsylvania (Clute, Susquehanna Co., 1896). 
54 
