PHILIPPINE HATS. 127 
those who have lived elsewhere than in Manila, takes with him one or 
more mats, largely as enriosities. Apart from this, there is little export 
trade, but there are distinct possibilities, although competition will be 
severe. 
CIGAU-CASES AND CIGAHETTE-CASES. 
These differ chiefly in size. The Philippines have a long-standing 
reputation for these articles, locally known as petacas or petaquillas, 
Baliuag received a special award for them at the London Exhibition of 
1851. "^They are made in nearly all the towns that do fine hat-work, 
and the materials used are the same as those for hats, namely rattan, 
bamboo, buri (midrib and buntal), horsehair, and nlto. They differ in 
fineness, but less so than hats, as they can not be very coarse, and more 
often are very fine. 
BAGS AND BASKETS. 
r 
These also are made in considerable quantity, nearly always of bnri-leaf 
or Randan, and are used for all kinds of purposes, rather . special types 
being the sugar bags and still larger saclcs, to both of which the name 
hayones is applied. They are very cheap, even the largest selling down 
to 10 centavos, prices varying with the locality and the size of tlie bag. 
More fancy baskets, of smaller size, and other similar objects, are of en 
woven from bamboo, bamboo and nito, nito,. coconut midribs, and other 
materials. 
GENERAL COXSIDEHATIONS.^ 
It is evident that many different materials are used for the purposes 
given, and that the products are of every degree of excellence. In pass, n 
comparative judgments, a sharp distinction should be made between the 
hats intended for local consumption, for export to tropical countries or 
export to temperate climates. Practically, the second of tliese '« confined 
at present to a fluctuating export of very cheap grades to H°ngkong and 
China, most other tropical countries having more or less similar industries 
of their own. , . i^^^ l.,,; 
For ordinary local use, it is improbable that anything can replace buri 
leaf and pandan, as such hats are very cheap, and well adapted to clnnat « 
conditions. For those who wish better articles, there are many to choose 
from, and there is much difference of opinion. Tlras, there ca 
objection to the statement that rattan ^^^^^fl^J^^^^^,:^^::^:^ 
that the hats made from it are very beautiful, but its scaiciiy 
high price cause them to be rarely seen. Bunta, medjum ^^ beUer 
grades of bamboo, Calasiao, and sabotan, are all in fairly ^^nnnonj^ 
and all these are suited to the requirements of the climate -^^P* ^-^^^^^^^ 
buntal, and that also is good for evening wear by Europeans, 
of the day by women or Filipinos, who require less P™ «^^"°; /\'^J 
Americans and Europeans retain their preference for straw hat., 
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