4 
PHILIPPINE GYMNOSPERMS. 151 
endarch, or concentrie; of leaves mesarch. .Embryo generally dicotyle- 
donous/ attached to a well-developed suspensov, and enil)cdded in a 
copious endosperm. ■ 
CYCAS L. 
r I 
Carpophore with 8-4/ rarely two seeds. Stem growing up through 
the female flower-cluster. Leaflets with only a midrib. About 16 
species in tropical Asia, Australia, and Polynesia. 
KEY TO PHILIPPI^'E SPECIES. 
r 
a. Leaflets less than 1 em wide, almost as thick as wide. 
b. Lower leaflets thorny - ^ • ■ 
bb. Lower leaflets not thorny 1- C- «P- '^^^ ««"■««"'"<' 
aa. Leaflets 1 cm or more wide, not thick like the two preceding. 
b. Staininate cone 20-25 cm long and 5-7 cm in diam 3. G. sp. fron, Palawan. 
bb. Staminate cones much thicker in proportion to length than the preced.tig. 
2. C. circitialis 
Cycas revoluta Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 229; DC. Pmlr. 16^ (\«f *^5-^' 
Vidal, Cat. PI. Prov. Manila (1880) 46; F. Vill. Noviss. App. (1880) 212; Forbes 
& Hemsley in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1902) 559. 
China, Japan, and Formosa. 
This plant is common in cultivation in the Philippines; but is not found out- 
aide of cultivation. 
Luzon, Manila, Merrill s. n. 
1. Cycas sp. aff. G. cairnsiana F. Miiller, Fragm. 10: 03. 
CoLio^-, Merrill 657, a single sterile leaf in our herbarium ,„■ „^„„„ 
This was compared by Mr. Merrill with a f ragn.ent of the type of C. oa,~a 
in the herbariuni at Kew, and he says that it was the only specunen there . 
leaflets like and as narrow as the Australian plant. 
- 2. Cycas circinalis L. Sp. PI. (1753) 1188; Miq. Monographia Cy-l-^m 
(1842) 27; Prodr. System. Cjcad. (1861) 7, 17; ^lanoo FL Fihp^ 1830 74o 
ed. 2 (1845) 513; Blume, Rumphia 4 (1848) 11, 15, t IIGB, ^'«^' D^. P.^d'-. 
16^ (l8G8)52G;Vid.l Cat. PI. Prov. Manila (1880) 46; ^'-P; '^^ ^ ^/J' 
43, . .9; F.-Vill. ^Toviss. App. (1B80) 212; Dyer .n H-^ ^ Fl^ Br^- "^^^^^^ 
(1888) 650; Warburg, Monsunia 1 (1900) 178; ^^^^ ^^f ^ ^^^M- 8, 1; 
(inoa) 134; Wight in Conf.ib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 9 (^^«f,*J ' %'i% ,1906) 
Merr. Bur. Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 27 (1905) ^^ ' i"'"^" J""™;,^^,, ' Sv. . 
Suppl. 24; Phil. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 394; Koorder^^cl mmache, . 
Veri Ilorb. Koord. 3 (1911) Cycadaceae [1.] Kate XXVI, figs. 1, 2. 
Steins tall, said sometimes to attain a ^^^S^^^ °L^%"'' "^ Jhi^' 
branched, but sometimes divided at the, apex of the stem ^Q^^^^^^^^^ 
f ou, 0. five branches. Sometimes as much as ^^^c ^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ 
Leaves 1.5-2.5 m long; petiole ^O-GO m, J tn ^^^^^^^ 
deflexed spines to near the base; leaflets a^'^^^^^^. '""l' , ^ ..^e sub. 
about 20-30 cm long, about 1 cm wide, ^l-ga ^ ^-k^^^^^^^ 
• falcate, acuminate. Male cone shortly peduncled often ^^^^^^^J^ 
cylindric-ovoid ; antherif erous scales 2-5 cm lo , ^ ^^ ^ ^^^^ 
deltoid, prolonged into an upward curved^subulate acume 
