PHILIPPINE GYMNOSPERMS. 169 
Occidental, For. Bur. 323Jt Burgess, For. Bur. Jfo/fJi P. del Villar. Palawan, 
Merrill 749, Celestino s. n.j For. Bur. 3505 Curran, For, Bur. 5189 ManaJo. 
MiXDA^AO, Province of ^Misauiis, For. Bur. ^068 Mearns d Hutchinson: District 
of Davao, Copeland 1162: District of Zamboanga, Copeland s, n. 
Distribution: Cochin China; Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; Java; Celebes; the 
Moluccas; Borneo; and the Philippines. 
Native names : Ahnaeiga, haltic (Tagbanua), saZe»y (Neg.)- 
The following species have been mentioned by various authors as occurring in 
the Philippines; but they are found only in cultivation and can not be considered 
as properly belonging to our flora: 
Araucaeia excelsa R. Br.j P. Vill. Noviss. App. (1880) 211. 
CUPRESSUS TORTJLOSA Don, F. ViU. 1. c. 211. 
JUNIPERUS occidentalis Hook., Usterij Beitr. Kenn. Phil. Veg. (190o) 134. 
L 
2. PINUS L. 
r 
Branches of two kinds; the leaves clustered in a sheath; fruit a 
cone. 
A genus of about 70 species, mainly in the north temperate zone. A 
few species are found in mountainous regions in the tropics. A single 
species, P. merhusii, crosses the equator. 
Sect. I. Pinaster Endl.— Apophysis of cone-scales (i. e. the special 
visible end portion when the cone is closed) more or less pyramidal with 
a central portion (umbo), which sometimes develops a point (mucro). 
§ 1. Pinea.-— Keedles two, rarely 1 in shortened branches {therefore half cylin- 
drical) — Some 20 species throughout the range of the genus. 
1. P. merJcusli 
§ 2. Tacda.~i^eed\GS 3 (therefore 3-angled)— About 16 species principally in 
North America and the East Indies 2. P. insularis 
1. Pinus merkusii Jungh. & De Vr. in Plant. Nov. Ind. Bat. Orient. (1845) 
5, t. 2; Endl. Syn. Conif. (1847) 176; Carr. Conif. (1853) 380; Gord. Pinet 
(1858) 1G9; Henk. & Hochst. Nadelholz. (1865) 43; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (18o9) 
1009; De Boer Conif. Archip. Ind. (1866) 5; Pari, in DC. Prodr. 16= (1868) 
389; F.-Vill. Noviss. App. (1880) 211; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) xlui, t. 98, 
/. B; Rev. PI. Vase. Filip. (188G) 296; Ceron, Cat. PI- Herb. (1892) 188; Merr 
in For. Bur. Bull. (Philip.) 1 (1003) 15; Bur. Govt. Lab. Publ. (PhilipO 6 
(1004) 6; Perk. Frag. FI. Philip. (1904) 35; Whitford, Philip. For. Bur. Bull. 
10 part 2 (1911) 26. 
P. sumatrana Jungh. Bot. Zeit. 4 (1846) 698. 
P. nnlaysoniana Wall. Cat. no. 6062; Bhmie Runiphia 3 (1847) 210. 
P. sylvestris Finlays. in Lour, Fl. Coch. ed. WiUd. (1793) 709, non L. 
Medium-sized or large trees, said to grow to a height of 25 m or more 
and a diameter of 70-90 cm, crown pyramidal, bark thick, brownish or 
ashy iu color and fissured. Young branches incurved ascending, Lea^^ 
ill adult state 18-25 cm long, 1 mm or less broad, dorsally convex and 
ridged when dry, ventrally concave, stomata in parallel lines, enclosed 
ia a scarious persistent transversely wrinkled sheath for about 2 cm at 
base. Staminate aments scattered among the loaf buds, 18-20 mm long, 
about 3 mm in diameter, straidit or curved, obtuse, densely flowered, 
