A REVISION OF THE GENUS CAPSICUM. 57 
varieties. Most of the modern garden varieties easily find 
classification within the types of the annual species, some 
of them almost exactly corresponding with the wood cuts 
and descriptions of some very old forms. Many of the 
varieties from South America and Mexico present, to my 
mind, sufficiently distinct characters in habit of growth 
and in the woodiness of the plants to justify their treat- 
ment as representatives of two species. 
Primarily, the classification of the types is based on the 
shape of the fruit and the calyx characters, as the most 
closely related ones can thus be brought together. The 
erect and pendent fruit, the primary characters of Finger- 
huth and Dunal, are equally constant, but cannot be em- 
ployed primarily in this classification, as both characters 
appear in all but two of the types here given as botanical 
varieties, and hence can only be used in separating the 
forms within these types. 
In citing prelinnean authorities* I have included only the 
descriptions which have been carefully studied and about 
which I had no doubt as to the type or form intended. 
The descriptions of a number are so brief and incomplete 
that they could not be definitely located, hence it seemed 
wise to omit them entirely. Most of the modern works to 
which I have had access and which give fairly complete 
descriptions are referred to unless some doubt exists as to 
the intention of the author. 
In the selection of names for the garden varieties, the 
principles for the nomenclature of cultivated plants adopted 
by the Vegetable Committee of Experiment Station Horti- 
culturists t and the Madison Botanical Congress t have been 
followed. In the citation of varietal synonyms reference 
is made to the earliest and most complete descriptions in 
* For the full titles of works published prior to 1753, reference should 
be made to the catalogue of the Sturtevant Prelinnean Library.— Rept. 
Mo. Bot. Gard. 7: 123-209. 1896. 
+ Bailey, Annals of Horticulture 106-107. 1889. 
t Proceedings of the Madison Botanical Congress 41. 27 Aug. 1893. 
