144 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. 
carpellary bodies of 8 to 10 centimeters in length and 4 to 
6 centimeters in diameter, bearing abortive ovules. The 
center of the fruit was occupied by a cylindrical body of 
about 14 centimeters inlength and 4 to 5 centimeters in 
diameter, bearing five branches near the base. Urbina 
considers this fruit to be composed of three whorls, each 
of five carpels. The lowermost forms the normal fruit. 
The second is represented by five included carpels, of 
which one is divided longitudinally. The third whorl, 
which is much more rudimentary, appears as the central 
column with its basal branches. 
Diaphysis and ecblastesis of the fruit, while not so com- 
mon as many other anomalies, need not be considered fur- 
ther here. The transformation of the primordium of an 
ovule into a carpel-like body is still rarer. The only in- 
stances known to me are the Chetranthus Cheiri de- 
scribed by DeCandolle* and Masters, t the Barbarossa 
grape figured by Masters,t the Sinapis arvensis described 
by Baillon,§ and the Dianthus figured by Berkeley.|| A 
careful search through the older discussions of the evidence 
of teratology on the homologies of the ovule would, per- 
haps, disclose other cases. 
Such anomalies as the present ones are interesting in 
connection with Sach’s theory of ‘ material and form,”’ 
to which Goebel is inclined to attach much significance. 
* DeCandolle, A. P. and A. DeCandolle. Nouv. Mém. Soc. Helv. Sci. 
Nat. 5. pl. 5. 1841. 
t Masters,,M. T. Veg. Ter. 182. jig. 94-95. 1869. 
t Masters, M. T. J. c. 182-183. fig. 96-97. 
§ Baillon, H. Adansonia. 8: 351-353, pl. 72. 1862-'63. 
|| Berkeley, M. J. Gard. Chron. 1850: 612. yigures. 
