(49) 
the filaments. Germen roundifh. Style fimple, longer than the 
ftamina. Stigma cloven, reflexed. Fruit a round flefhy red berry, 
containing two feeds, invefted by a cartilaginous arillus: the appear- 
ance of the feed is well known. - pa 
The Coffee tree is a native of Arabia Felix and Ethiopia, and was 
firft noticed by Rauwolfius in 1573; but Alpinus, in 1591, was the 
firft who defcribed it, It was cultivated in Britain by Bifhop Compton 
in 1696," and is now to be found in many of the well ftored hot- 
houfes of this country. For the fpecimen of it here figured we are 
obliged to Dr. Lettfom, who pofleffles the beft plant of this fpecies 
which we have feen, and which was highly valued by its late owner 
Dr. John Fothergill. | | 
The ufe of Coffee, or the feed of the fruit of this tree, appears ta 
have originated in Ethiopia, but the practice of drinking it in 
Arabia was introduced from Perfia by the Mufti of Aden in the 
fifteenth century. ‘In 1554 its ufe firft began at Conftantinople. 
From whence it was gradually adopted in the weftern parts of Europe, 
At Marfeilles it was begun in 1644. At Paris, if we except the family 
of Monf, Theyenot,’ it was unknown till the arrival of the Turkith 
Ambaflador, Soliman Aga, in 1669; and in 1672 the firft coffee- 
houfe was eftablifhed in Paris by an Armenian, named Pafcal, but he 
met with little encouragement, and therefore came to London, where 
this beverage had been previoufly introduced in the year 1652, when 
Mr. Edwards, a Turkey merchant, brought from that country a 
Greek fervant, of the name of Pafqua, who underftood the method — 
of preparing coffee, and firft fold it in London in a houfe which he 
kept for that purpofe, in George-yard, Lombard-ftreet. Eight years 
after this it contributed to the public revenue, by a duty of four- 
pence laid upon every gallon made and fold here.* 
The general confumption of Coffee in Europe fuggefted the idea 
of cultivating it for the advantage of commerce; and in this view ~ 
the Dutch took the lead, and firft planted it at Batavia in 1690; and 
2 Vide Douglas. Hiffory of the Coffee tree. p. 21+ ; 
* This gentleman had refided fome time in the Eaft, and returned to Paris in 16 57s 
€ See Ellis. 1. cy 
No.4.—Pat Il, = = N . 
