+ yor 3 
Parma (fructus oleum expreflum) Pharm. Edinb. 
PALM Oil is produced chiefly from the Cocos butyracea, thus 
{pecifically named from the butter-like appearance of the oil which it 
ields: It is well known, however, that other palms furnifh this 
un@tuous fubftance, as the Elaeis Guineenfis L. (fee Facguin) ; alfo 
* The palm-oil tree” of Sloane, or Palma oleofa of Hughes. To thefe 
we may add the Palma daétylifera aculeata fructu corallino major of 
Barrere (de la France equinoxiale), and the fpinous palms (Palmiers 
Avoira) mentioned by Aublet (Guiane Franc. tom. 2. App. p.95.) 
In the Supplementum plantarum we find not only a full defcrip- 
. tion of the Cocos butyracea, on the authority of Mutis, but alfo an 
account of the method ufed to obtain the oil by the inhabitants of 
the warmer parts of America, where this palm is a native: 
The fruit of this palm, which is triangular, yellow, and about 
the fize of a plum, is bruifed and thrown into water, by which the 
kernels are gradually diffolved without the aid of heat; the oil then 
rifes to the furface, and on being wafhed two or three times is ren-. 
dered fit for ufe. | re 
When brought to this country, it is of the confiftence of an oint+ 
ment, and of an orange yellow colour, with little tafte, and of a ftrong. 
though not difagreeable {mell. When it becomes white it is rancid, 
and ought to be rejected. In the countries where this oil-is pro- 
duced, it is ufed for culinary and dietetic purpofes; with us it has 
been confined to external application, in pains, tumours, and fprains;. 
but it feems to have no advantage over the other bland oils.. 
SAGAPENUM (gummi-refina) Phanti: Lond. & Edinb.. 
IT is conjectured that this concrete juice is the produ@tion of an’ 
umbelliferous plant, like ammoniacum, and for the fame reafons.. It 
is brought from Perfia and Alexandria in large maffes,, externally 
yellowith, internally paler, and of a horny clearnefs. Its tafte is 
hot and biting, its fmell of the alliaceous or foetid kind. 
Its virtues are fimilar to thofe which we have afcribed to affafoetida, 
but weaker, and confequently it is lefs powerful in its effects. | 
SARCACOLLA 
