537 
moift Sugar; the faccharum non purificatum, of the London Phar- 
opoeia 
This Sugar may be purified in conical moulds, by fpreading on 
the upper broad furface fome moift clay, which gradually transfufes 
its watery moifture through the mafs of Sugar, and carries with it a 
nfiderable part of the remains of the treacly matter ; it is then 
ailed clayed Sugar. The faccharum purificatum, or loaf 
g 
s 
prepared in this country from the other Sugar boiled in water, to 
which is added lime water, alfo bullocks blood, or eggs, or com- 
monly both ; thefe are found to clarify the Sugar, by mcorporatii 
with its oily and mucilaginous parts, and forming a fcum, which 
carefully taken off. After fufficient clarification it is ftrained through 
a woollen cloth, and boiled again until it becomes of a proper con- 
fiftence; k is then poured into a refrigeratory, and when duly cooled,, 
into conical moulds made of clay, and perforated at the apex, which 
is placed downwards : at firft the aperture at the apex of the mould 
is flopped up, but as the Sugar concretes it is opened, in order-that 
the fyrup or melafles may drain off. By this draining of the fluid 
part, the cone of Sugar fhrinks at the bafe below the edges of the 
mould, which, to render the loaf ftill whiter, is filled up with moift. 
clay clofely applied to the bafe of the Sugar cone : laftly, the cone is. 
placed upon its bafe, taken out of the mould, wrapped in paper, and . 
dried or baked in a clofe oven. 
Solutions of brown or white Sugars, boiled down until they 
begin to grow thick, and then removed into a very hot room, flioot 
upon {ticks placed acrofs the veflels for that purpofe into brown < 
white cryftals of candy, (faccharum cryftalinum). 
Sugar, as an article of diet, is fo well known as not to require any 
description of it here : it is manifeftly a neutral faline fubftance, the 
acid of which Bergman firft taught us to feparate by means of the 
nitrous acid : d and it fmce appears that feveral other fubftances, both 
vegetable and animal, contain an acid fimilar to that of Sugar. 6 The 
other conftituent parts of Sugar feem to be an oily and mucilaginous 
matter ; and though it is not yet fatisfa&orily explained how a com- 
bination of thefe fubftances mould produce on the organs of tafte a 
• 
i>» 
d 
see his Dijf. de acido facchari\ publijhed in 1776. e See Berthollet in Mtm. de V Acock 
J 78o. p> 120. Alfo Schceie in Vet. Acad. Handl 1785- p. 23. fq. 
fenfatioa 
